When Cops Investigate Cops: Telangana HC Orders Fresh Probe into Sub-Inspector's Suicide

In a ruling that underscores the need for impartiality in police investigations, the High Court for the State of Telangana at Hyderabad has transferred the probe into the 2017 suicide of Sub-Inspector P. Prabhaker Reddy to the Crime Branch Criminal Investigation Department (CBCID). Justice N. Tukaramji held that allegations against fellow officers create an "reasonable apprehension of bias," mandating an independent inquiry to uphold Article 21 rights. The family of the deceased, including wife Pinninti Rachana Reddy and mother Pinninti Venkatamma, had approached the court via Writ Petition No. 1573 of 2018, accusing superiors of abetment and evidence tampering.

As reported in legal circles, this decision aligns with growing judicial scrutiny on internal police probes, echoing sentiments that " justice must not only be done but must also appear to be done. "

A Cop's Desperate Act Amid Alleged Torment

The tragedy unfolded on June 14, 2017, when Prabhakar Reddy, stationed at Kukunoorpally Police Station in Siddipet district, shot himself with his service revolver at police headquarters during lunch hours. An FIR (Crime No. 110/2017) was swiftly registered under Section 306 IPC (abetment to suicide) based on a complaint by the deceased's brother-in-law, Bhaskar Reddy, suspecting harassment by the then Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP), Gajwel.

The petitioners claimed Reddy faced relentless coercion from the ACP, forced into "illegal and unofficial acts," leading to severe mental distress. They alleged the officer rushed to the scene post-suicide, screened the area, pocketed a crucial suicide note, tampered with evidence, and removed valuables like rings and chains from the body. Despite pleas, the local police investigation dragged on, fueling fears of a cover-up.

Family's Cry for Justice vs. Police's Version of Events

Petitioners' side : Counsel Sujith Jaiswal argued the death stemmed directly from the ACP's abuse of power, not personal woes. They highlighted the missing note, scene interference, and exclusion from the probe as signs of collusion. A fair investigation under Article 21 was demanded, with transfer to CBCID to prevent miscarriage of justice.

Respondents' defense : The State, represented by Government Pleader D. Pradeep (noted as Mahesh Raje in hearings), countered via affidavits. They attributed the suicide to Reddy's distress over a prior alcohol-related incident (Crime No. 563/2017) linked to another suicide, fearing career ruin. Postmortem confirmed gunshot wounds; forensics cleared tampering claims. Valuables were recovered from the brother's home, and a final report was filed post-hearing, denying bias.

Judicial Lens: Bias Can't Be Ignored, Even Without Proof

Justice Tukaramji meticulously weighed the narratives, noting undisputed facts: suicide by service weapon and Section 306 FIR. Yet, he invoked Supreme Court precedents like Babubhai v. State of Gujarat (2010) 12 SCC 254 and State of West Bengal v. Committee for Protection of Democratic Rights (2010) 3 SCC 571, affirming fair investigation as core to Article 21.

The court distinguished: while no mala fides were proven, "reasonable likelihood of bias" suffices when police probe their own. Factors tipping the scale included prolonged delays, unaddressed tampering claims, the missing note's "significant evidentiary value," and departmental loyalty risks. Local police handling "does not inspire confidence," warranting transfer.

Key Observations from the Bench

“In cases where allegations are made against police officials themselves, investigation by the same agency may give rise to a reasonable apprehension of bias. Even in the absence of proven mala fides, reasonable likelihood of bias is sufficient to warrant transfer of investigation.”

Justice must not only be done but must also appear to be done.

“The investigation conducted by the local police does not inspire confidence and falls short of the constitutional mandate of a fair and impartial investigation under Article 21 of the Constitution of India.”

Fresh Start: CBCID Takes the Reins

The writ stands allowed. Key orders: - Transfer Crime No. 110/2017 to CBCID for de novo probe, scrutinizing abetment, note removal, tampering, and valuables. - Hand over all records, case diary, forensics promptly. - Complete within nine months; file progress reports with magistrate.

This ruling sets a precedent for future cases involving intra-police allegations, potentially streamlining transfers to specialist agencies like CBCID. It bolsters families' faith in systemic accountability, ensuring probes aren't just thorough—but transparently so. No costs ordered; petition pronounced April 9, 2026.