Convicts Must Be Informed Reasons For Rejection Of Remission, Right To Challenge: Gauhati High Court

High Court Issues Directives to Four States

The Gauhati High Court has directed the states of Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Arunachal Pradesh to ensure that every convict whose remission application is rejected is informed of the reasons for such rejection and their right to challenge the order. A Division Bench comprising Justice Michael Zothankhuma and Justice Anjan Moni Kalita passed the directions while hearing a suo motu public interest litigation concerning the implementation of remission policies in these states.

Supreme Court's Mandate Forms Foundation

The court was acting in pursuance of orders dated April 25, 2025, and November 4, 2025, issued by the Supreme Court of India in the cases of SMWP (Criminal) No. 4/2021 and SLP (Criminal) No. 529/2021. The Apex Court had directed all states and union territories to formulate policies for granting remissions under Section 432 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) / Section 473 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).

States Confirm Existence of Remission Policies

During the hearing, counsels representing all four states informed the court that their respective remission policies are already in place and that a number of convicts have been released on remission under these policies. The court noted the submissions and proceeded to examine the compliance with the Supreme Court's directions regarding the communication of rejection orders.

Core Directive: Reasoned Orders and Right to Challenge

The High Court highlighted the Supreme Court's judgment dated February 18, 2025, which categorically held that an order granting or refusing remission must contain brief reasons. The order, along with the reasons, should be immediately communicated to the concerned convict through the prison authorities. Copies must also be forwarded to the Secretaries of the concerned District Legal Services Authorities. Furthermore, the prison authorities are duty-bound to inform the convict that they have a right to challenge the order of rejection.

"The order containing reason/s should be immediately communicated to the convict through the Office of the concerned prison. The copies thereof, should also be forwarded to the Secretaries of the concerned District Legal Services Authorities . Further, it is the duty of the Prison authorities to inform the convict that he has a right to challenge the order of rejection for grant of remission ," the court observed, quoting the Supreme Court's directive.

Affidavits Sought on Rejection Communication

The court directed the respondents to file affidavits stating the number of convicts whose remission applications have been rejected by the state governments and whether the reasons for rejection have been communicated to those convicts. The states were also directed to ensure that in case of rejection, convicts are informed of their right to challenge the rejection order.

Assam's Review Board Under Scrutiny

The court was also furnished with the minutes of the Assam State Level Review Board meeting dated July 28, 2026, which examined the cases of nine life convicts for premature release or rejection. The minutes revealed that out of the nine, only two were recommended for release on remission. The court directed the State of Assam to ensure that the rejection of remission in the remaining cases is communicated to the concerned convicts, along with the information that they have a right to challenge the reasons for rejection.

Matter Adjourned

The court has listed the matter for further hearing on December 1, 2026, allowing time for the states to file their compliance affidavits.

This judgment underscores the importance of transparency and due process in the remission system, ensuring that convicts are not left in the dark about the reasons behind decisions that affect their liberty.