Delhi High Court Directs Centre to Clarify Policy on Review Medical Boards After Appellate Opinion

In a significant development concerning disability reservation in civil services, the Delhi High Court has directed the Union of India to clarify whether the practice of constituting Review Medical Boards after an Appellate Medical Board has rendered its opinion is being followed uniformly. The order was passed by a bench of Justice Anil Kshetarpal and Justice Shail Jain on a petition filed by Ganatra Komal Pravinbhai, a visually disabled candidate who alleged that procedural irregularities in the disability assessment process cost her a seat in the Indian Administrative Services.

A Challenge to the Assessment Process

The petitioner, an aspirant in the Civil Services Examination, claimed that two other candidates were irregularly granted disability certification after a so-called "Super Appellate Board" was constituted, despite initial findings by both the Medical Board and the Appellate Medical Board that they were not entitled to reservation benefits under the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995. The petitioner argued that the benefit of reservation is available only in cases of pathological myopia and not simple myopia.

Allegations of Manipulation

Dr. Amit George, representing the petitioner, submitted that the Medical Board and the Appellate Medical Board had both concluded that Respondent Nos. 4 and 5 were not entitled to disability reservation. However, a Super Appellate Board was subsequently constituted, allegedly with a view to manipulating the process and granting them the benefit. When confronted with these submissions, counsel for the Union of India sought an adjournment.

The Core Legal Question

The central issue before the court is whether a Review Medical Board can be legally constituted after an Appellate Medical Board has already delivered its opinion. The court noted the seriousness of the allegations and directed the Centre to file an affidavit from an officer not below the rank of Secretary, clarifying whether such review boards are constituted as a matter of policy across all departments.

Key Observations from the Bench

The court recorded the petitioner's submission that "the Medical Board as well as the Appellate Medical Board found that Respondent Nos.4 and 5 were not entitled to the benefit of reservation under the Persons with Disabilities Act." It further noted the allegation that "a Super Appellate Board was thereafter constituted by the Respondents with a view to manipulating the process for granting the benefit of reservation to Respondent Nos.4 and 5."

What the Court Ordered

The bench directed the Union of India to file an affidavit stating whether the practice of constituting a Review Medical Board after the Appellate Medical Board's opinion is followed across the board. The matter has been listed for further hearing on September 14, 2026. The court also clarified that no further adjournment would be entertained, signaling its intent to resolve the issue expeditiously.

This case raises important questions about the integrity of medical assessment procedures for disability reservation and could have far-reaching implications for future civil services examinations.