Judgment

GAJENDRAGADKAR, J. : These three appeals arises out of two industrial disputes Nos. 24 and 26 of 1951 between the appellants and their workmen. Dispute No. 24 of 1951 had arisen between the management and workers of the Sree Meenakshi Mills Ltd., Madurai, whereas dispute No. 26 of 1951, was between the management and workers of the Thiakesar Alai, Manapparai. Both the disputes were in respect of bonus claimed by the workmen for the year 1950-51. The workmen claimed bonus for the year 1950-51 on the allegation that the two mills constituted one unit and had made profits during the relevant year. On the other hand, the appellant contended that the two mills were two different units and the claims for bonus made by the workmen against them should not be considered together. According to the appellants during the relevant year there was a trading loss and as such no bonus was payable to the workers. The Industrial Tribunal rejected the pleas raised by the appellants and held that the two mills formed part of the same unit. It also came to the conclusion that for the year in question there was surplus of Rs. 2,87,676 against which the workmen s claim for bonus was justified. That is why the tribunal awarded three month s bonus to the workmen.

2. Against this decision the appellants preferred two appeals Nos. 133 and 134 of 1952 to the Labour Appellate Tribunal of India at Madras. In these appeals the appellants challenged the findings made by the tribunal against them and urged that bonus was not payable during the relevant year. The workmen also preferred an appeal, No. 168 of 1952, and in this appeal they claimed a larger bonus than what had been awarded by the tribunal below. The appellate tribunal confirmed the finding of the tribunal that the two mills formed part of the same unit. According to the appellate tribunal, the net surplus available for distribution as bonus came to Rs. 2,57,496. The claim made by the appellants in respect of various deductions was examined by the appellate tribunal and deductions were substantially disallowed in respect of three items. In respect of an amount of Rs. 8,43,927 claimed by the appellants as depreciation on machinery and buildings the appellate tribunal concurred with the industrial tribunal in holding that the claim only for a sum of Rs. 400,000 was admissible; in other words, a claim for deducting the balance of Rs. 4,43,927 was disallowed. It is this finding in particular with which we are directly concerned in the present appeals. It may be pointed out at this stage that in determining the amount of net surplus available for distribution to bonus, the appellate tribunal agreed with the industrial tribunal that the provision for taxation made by the appellants to the extent of Rs. 1,75,000 was adequate. In the result, the appeals preferred by the appellants as well as the respondents failed and were dismissed by the appellate tribunal. Against the order dismissing their appeals, the appellants have preferred to this Court by special leave the present Civil Appeals Nos. 218 and 219 of 1956.

3. The Appellants had also preferred an application for review before the Labour Appellate Tribunal, Misc. Case No. III-C-387 of 1953 (Review) on the ground that the order passed by the Labour Appellate Tribunal was patently erroneous inasmuch as there was a mistake apparent on the face of the record which should be corrected under the appellate tribunal s powers of review. The appellate tribunal held that it had no power of review and that, even if it had such a power, no case had been made out for the exercise of such power because there was no mistake apparent on the face of the record which could not have been discovered when the order was made in the presence of the parties. Against this decision, the appellants have preferred to this Court by special leave the present Civil Appeal No. 217 of 1956.

4. In Appeals Nos. 218 and 219 of 1956, the main point which has been urged before us on be