Judgment

DUA, J.: This is an appeal with certificate under Art. 133 (1) (a) of the Constitution by Gajanan and his two sons Janardhan and Nanaji who figured as defendants 1, 4 and 5 respectively in the suit instituted by Seth Brindaban, respondent in this appeal. It is directed against the judgment and decree of the Bombay High Court (Nagpur Bench) dated February 7, 1966 allowing the plaintiff s appeal in part against the dismissal of his suit by the trial court, and granting him a decree for Rs. 1,60,000/- against the appellants. The other two defendants, Rajeshwar and Narhari, were also the sons of Gajanan: the dismissal of the suit against them was upheld by the High Court. The suit for foreclosure of three mortgages was instituted on December 1, 1950. The plaintiff claimed a decree for foreclosure of the mortgages: the mortgage amount due was stated to be Rs. 1,07,269/2/- with future interest. The suit was contested on various grounds but the main point with which we are concerned in this appeal was raised in the amended written statement allowed by the court on December 15, 1959, nine years after the institution of the suit. According to the amended plea: (i) the plaintiff being a moneylender within the meaning of C. P. Money Lenders Act (XIII of 1934) and no certificate under S. 11F of that Act having been secured by him the transaction in dispute was void and the suit was, therefore, incompetent, (ii) production in court of moneylender s licence was necessary for the maintenance of the suit; and (iii) the plaintiff had not maintained proper accounts of the moneylending business and had not given Diwali notices to the defendants in respect of this debt and this omission disentitled him to claim interest.

2. Seven additional issues were framed on the amended pleas. They are mainly concerned with the provisions of the Moneylenders Act. The trial court repelled the plaintiff s submission that the case was governed by the Bombay Moneylenders Act. It was contended on his behalf that with effect from February 1, 1960 the provisions of C. P. & Berar Moneylenders Act had ceased to apply to the territory in question and in its place the Bombay Moneylenders Act was made applicable. The Bombay Act was thus claimed to govern this case. Disagreement with this submission the trial court held the Bombay Act to be prospective only and, therefore, inapplicable to pending cases. The present suit which had been instituted in 1950 in respect of a transaction of 1947 was accordingly held to be governed by the provisions of the C. P. & Berar Moneylenders Act. The plaintiff was found to have contravened sections 11F and 11H of the C. P. Act and, therefore, disentitled to maintain the suit. He was also held disentitled to claim interest as he had not sent statement of accounts as he had not sent statement of accounts as required by that Act. As regards the liability of defendants 2 and 3, they were held not to be bound by the mortgages, but it was observed that a simple money decree could be passed against them provided the claim was otherwise legally enforceable. In case the plaintiff s claim deserved to be decreed then in the trial court s view there had to be three decrees because there were three mortgages covering three separate properties. The share of defendant no. 5 was also held to be bound by the three mortgages dated September 12, 1947. The registration of documents at the instance of the court was found to be proper and lawful. The decision in the previous suit was held to operate as res judicata. The suit, as observed earlier was dismissed on the ground of violation of the C. P. Act.

3. On appeal to the High Court the following seven points fell for determination.

"(1) Was the appellant a moneylender within the meaning of the C. P. and Berar Moneylenders Act and was he required to obtain a moneylender s licence for Chanda District because the transaction pertains to property to Chanda district?

(2) Were the documents duly attested