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1973 Supreme(SC) 172

D.G.PALEKAR, A.ALAGIRISWAMI
Nirmal Enem Horo – Appellant
Versus
Jahan Ara Jaipal Singh – Respondent


Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The judgment discusses whether the bar under Section 57 of the Indian Divorce Act, 1869 could be a ground for disqualification or eligibility and the admissibility of raising that point, concluding it was not open to agitate for the first time since it was not pressed or pleaded earlier. (!) (!) (!) - It addresses constructive res judicata under Explanation 4 of Section 11 CPC, holding that grounds not pressed or pleaded and not decided previously cannot be re-argued in subsequent petitions, and explains why the prior judgment foreclosed the point. (!) (!) - The Court notes that because the earlier Supreme Court decision (in the prior petition) held that a marriage to a Munda tribal member could confer tribal status, the present challenge was limited to the remaining issues, and the appeal must be dismissed with costs. (!) (!) (!)

What is the procedural impact of Section 57 of the Indian Divorce Act, 1869 on eligibility in a tribal election petition?

What is the principle of res judicata, including constructive res judicata, as applied to grounds raised in Election Petition No. 9 of 1971 and its relation to prior petitions?

What are the limits on re-agitation of issues not pressed or pleaded in pleadings in subsequent appeals or petitions?


Judgment

PALEKAR, J.: - This appeal arises from an Order dated April 21, 1972 passed by the Patna High Court in Election Petition No. 9 of 1971 setting aside the election of the appellant at the instance of the respondent Mrs. Jahan Ara Jaipal Singh.

2. On January 21, 1971 the Election Commission of India issued a Notification calling on the 51 Khunti Parliamentary Scheduled Tribes Constituency of Ranchi to elect a Member of the Lok Sabha in the vacancy caused by the dissolution of the Lok Sabha in the month of December, 1970. The last date for filing nominations was 3-2-1971 and the date of scrutiny of nominations was 4-2-1971. Nearly fourteen persons filed their nominations - two of them being the appellant, Mr. Horo, and the respondent, Mrs. Jaipal Singh. It appears one of the candidates objected to the nomination of Mrs. Jaipal Singh on the ground that she was not a member of a Scheduled Tribe. That objection was considered by the Returning Officer who upheld the objection and rejected her nomination paper. In due course the election was held and the appellant, Mr. Horo, was declared elected. The petition namely Election Petition No. 9 of 1971 was filed by Mrs. Jaipal Singh on th












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