SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
A.C. GUPTA AND JASWANT SINGH, JJ.
State of Punjab and another, Appellants
Versus
Iqbal Singh, Respondent.
Civil Appeal No. 1203 of 1968
Decided on 12-2-1976.
Advocates appeared
Mr. O. P. Sharma, Advocate, for Appellants; M/s. K. K. Puri and M.C. Dhingra, Advocates, for Respondent.
Constitution of India,1950 – Article 133, 226 and 227 – Punjab Civil Service Rules – Rules 5.27, 6.13 and 6.4 – New Pension Rules, 1951 – Respondent joined Punjab Education Department (Class II) Service by direct recruitment as a senior lecturer promoted to Punjab Education Service given selection grade with effect and in due course rose to position of Director of Public Instruction-cum-Secretary to the Government of Punjab Education Department proceeded on leave preparatory to retirement on attaining age of superannuation received a copy of letter addressed by Secretary to Government Punjab, Education Department to Director of Public Instruction, Punjab, Chandigarh, conveying sanction of Governor of Punjab to grant to respondent of superannuation pension and death-cum-retirement gratuity lump sum respectively – Held, Case he is called upon to meet and the evidence in support rule that a party to whose prejudice an order is intended to be passed is entitled to a hearing applies alike to judicial tribunals and bodies of persons invested with authority to adjudicate upon matters involving civil consequences – It is one of the fundamental rules of our constitutional set up that every citizen is protected against exercise of arbitrary authority by State or its officers. Duty to act judicially would therefore arise from the very nature of function intended to be performed not be shown to be super added power to decide and determine to prejudice of a person, duty to act judicially is implicit in exercise of such power essentials of justice be ignored and an order to prejudice of a person is made order is a nullity is a basic concept of rule of law and thereof transcends the significance of a decision in any particular case – Order is administrative in character, but even an administrative order which involves civil consequences as already stated, must be made consistently with rules of natural justice after informing first respondent of case of State evidence in support thereof and after giving an opportunity to first respondent of being heard and meeting or explaining evidence – Appeal dismissed.
JUDGMENT
JASWANT SINGH, J.:—This appeal by certificate of fitness granted by the Punjab and Haryana High Court is directed against the judgment dated April 4, 1967 of a Division Bench of that Court passed in Letters Patent Appeal No. 104 of 1967 whereby the judgment and order dated December 19, 1966 of Narula, J. (as he then was) in Civil Writ Petition No. 298 of 1966 was affirmed.
2. It appears that the respondent joined the Punjab Education Department (Class II) Service by direct recruitment as a senior lecturer in 1933. He was promoted to Punjab Education Service (Class I) on October 1, 1949. He was given the selection grade with effect from February 15, 1956 and in due course rose to the position of Director of Public Instruction-cum-Secretary to the Government of Punjab Education Department. He proceeded on leave preparatory to retirement on March 18, 1958, on attaining the age of superannuation. In June, 1961, he received a copy of letter No. 5137-Ed-I-60/9269 dated May 2, 1961 addressed by the Secretary to Government Punjab, Education Department, to the Director of Public Instruction, Punjab, Chandigarh, conveying the sanction of the Governor of Punjab to the grant to him i.e. the respondent of superannuation pension and death-cum-retirement gratuity of Rs.417.02 np. per mensem and Rs.17,030.25 np. in lump sum respectively under Rules 5.27 and 6.13 of the Punjab Civil Service Rules, Vol. II read with para 9 (1) (a) of New Pension Rules, 1951. It was stated in the aforesaid letter that personal file of the respondent had been examined with reference to Rule 6.4 of the Punjab Civil Service Rules, Vol. II and Government were satisfied that his service record was not satisfactory and a cut of 10% had accordingly been made in the amount of pension and death-cum-retirement gratuity admissible to him. On January 28, 1962, the respondent submitted representations to the Chief Minister and Governor of Punjab against the aforesaid decision of the Government to apply 10% cut in his pension and death-cum-retirement gratuity but the same proved abortive. After the establishment of the Board set up to examine and remove the grievances in the matters of promotion and fixation of pension etc. of the Gazetted Officers of the Government, the respondent addressed a representation to the said Board on September 14, 1964, against the aforesaid decision of the Government to apply a cut of 10% in his pension and gratuity. On November 1, 1965, the respondent received a copy of letter No. EDI-4(64)-65/22436 dated October 21, 1965, addressed by the Education Commissioner and Secretary to Government, Punjab, Education Department, to the Director of Public Instruction, Punjab, intimating that in supersession of the aforesaid letter dated May 2, 1961, of the Punjab Government, it had been decided to grant to the respondent a superannuation pension and death-cum-retirement gratuity of Rs.440.18 np. per mensem and Rs.18,927.50 np. in lump sum respectively under Rules 5.27 and 6.13 of the Punjab Civil Service Rules, Vol. II read with para 9 (1) (a) of the New Pension Rules, 1951. In para 3 of the letter, it was reiterated that a cut of 5% had been made in the pension admissible to the respondent as his service record which had been examined with reference to rule 6.4 of the Punjab Civil Service Rules, Vol. II had not been satisfactory. Aggrieved by this communication, the respondent filed in the Punjab and Haryana High Court at Chandigarh a petition under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution, being Civil Writ Petn. No. 298 of 1966 (Punj.), challenging the aforesaid decision of the Punjab Government which was, as already stated, allowed by Narula, J. (as he then was) by his judgment and order dated December 19, 1966, following the Full Bench judgment of his Court D/- 25-10-1966 in Civil Writ Petn. No. 504 of 1964 = (reported in AIR 1967 Punj 279) (FB) entitled K. R. Erry v. State of Punjab. Dissatisfied with this judgment and order, the appellants p
distinguished : M. Narsimhachar v. State of Mysore
A.K. Kraipak v. Union of India
Board of High School and Intermediate Education, U. P., Allahabad v. Ghanshyam Das Gupta
relied on : Deokinandan Prasad v. State of Bihar
applied : State of Punjab v. K. R. Erry And Sobhag Rai Mehta
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