JUDGMENT

CHINNAPPA REDDY, J.:— In these appeals we have once again to consider career conscious competing claims to seniority which appear so much to dominate the lives and careers of our Civil Servants that a large bulk of the cases in this Court relate to the resolution of problems arising out of such claims. So much of our time is taken up in discovering the precise facts of these intricate problems that we wonder whether the Constitution of a fact-finding administrative tribunal who should invariably be approached in the first instance will not better serve the cause of successful administration. An administrative tribunal possessing the necessary expertise and familiarity with administrative procedures and rules may be able to deal with the problems in a satisfactory way. At least the facts will be found and the relevant rules will be known. Thereafter aggrieved parties may approach the Courts for further relief within the confines of Article 226 and 32 of the Constitution.

2. On selection by the Punjab Public Service Commission, B. R. Kapur and Harjeet Singh were directly recruited in 1951, as Deputy Superintendents of Police in the Punjab Police Service. They are the appellan