SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
A.M. AHMADI, M.M. PUNCHHI AND K. JAYACHANDRA REDDY, JJ.
The Scheduled Caste Co-operative Land Owning Society Ltd., Bhatinda, Petitioner
Versus
Union of India and others, Respondents.
Spl. Leave Petn. No.1599 of 1989
Decided on 18-9-1990.
Land Acquisition Act, 1894 - Section 6 – Acquisition of land – Compensation – Market value – Determination of - Compensation warded in the references ranged between Rs. 5,625 and Rs. 20,0001 per acre. Against this Award appeals were filed in the High Court - Learned Single Judge who heard the appeals divided the lands into two belts and awarded compensation for first belt up to the depth of 500 meters from the road at Rs. 15 per square yard i.e. 72,600/-per acre and fixed a flat rate of Rs. 25,000/- per acre for the remaining area - Petitioners had filed R.F.A. against the decision of the Additional Districe judge, Bhatinda in the reference made under S. 18 of the Act. In paragraph 11 of the memo of appeal the petitioner had stated as under - That though the market price of the acquired land is not less than Rs.80,000/-per acre but the appellants are not in a position to pay a huge amount of court-fee - Held, Full Bench of the High Court, therefore, rightly held that to permit payment of deficit court-fee for recovering enhanced compensation after a lapse of almost six years under its inherent jurisdiction would encourage the practice of not paying the court-fee in the hope that as and when valuation is determined in appeal the jurisdiction of the court can be invoked under S. 151 of the Code and the benefit of enhanced compensation can be reaped by making good the deficit court-fee. We think in the facts and circumstances of the case this view taken by the Full Bench of the High Court cannot be assailed - Petition dismissed.
Key Points: - The Full Bench held that allowing deficit court-fee payments to obtain enhanced compensation under S.151 would be undesirable and not to be encouraged (!) (!) (!) . - The Court analyzed S.28A (Act 68 of 1984) and held it does not apply to claimants who had already sought a reference under S.18 and appealed, restricting redetermination rights to those who did not seek such reference (!) . - The judgment discusses Bhag Singh and Bhag Singh-like reasoning that claimants should not be deprived of enhanced compensation due to technical court-fee issues, but applies only in the context of government expropriation and later clarifies position for present appellant-society (!) (!) . - The Court ultimately dismissed the petition and noted the possibility of ex gratia payment by the Government for the economically deprived sections, without creating a precedent for routine relief (!) (!) (!) . - The decision references proportional belting and enhanced awards in earlier High Court orders, including levels of compensation per acre and related solatium/interest, and clarifies limits of inherent jurisdiction to grant such relief after six years (!) (!) (!) (!) . - The core outcome is that the petition for additional compensation via appellate enhancement with late court-fee payment was rejected, with cautious observations about possible ex gratia relief by the Government (!) (!) .
JUDGMENT
AHMADI, J.:—The land belonging to the petitioner-society formed part of a large chunk of land admeasuring 2243.52 acres which came to be acquired for the establishment of a military cantonment at Bhatinda. The notification under S. 4(1) and the declaration under S. 6 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) were issued and, published in the Government Gazette on October 9, 1974 and October 10, 1974, respectively. Thereafter, notices were issued under S. 9 and after hearing the objectors the Land Acquisition Officer made his Award granting compensation at rates varying between Rs. 4,500/- and Rs. 16,000/- per acre, depending on the situation of the lands which were divided into three belts A, B and C by the Land Acquisition Officer. As many as 161 references were made by the Land Acquisition Officer under S. 18 of the Act to the Additional District Judge, Bhatinda who while upholding the belting increased the compensation. The compensation warded in the references ranged between Rs. 5,625 and Rs. 20,0001 per acre. Against this Award appeals were filed in the High Court. The learned Single Judge who heard the appeals divided the lands into two belts and awarded compensation for the first belt up to the depth of 500 meters from the road at Rs. 15 per square yard i.e. 72,600/-per acre and fixed a flat rate of Rs. 25,000/- per acre for the remaining area. In addition, he awarded solatium at 15% and interest at 6% per annum. While passing that order the learned Judge gave the following direction:
"All this, however, is subject to the claims made by them in their memorandum of appeals and cross-objections and the court fee paid thereon."
Some of the claimants filed Letters Patent Appeals against the Award made by the learned single Judge. These appeals were partly allowed in that the compensation awarded at the flat rate of Rs. 25,000 /- was raised to Rs. 8 per square yard i.e. Rupees 38,720/ - per acre. While making that order it was observed as under:
"However, the enhancement would not exceed the amount claimed in these appeals on which court-fee has already been paid."
2. The petitioners had filed R.F.A. No.274 1981 against the decision of the Additional Districe judge, Bhatinda in the reference made under S. 18 of the Act. In paragraph 11 of the memo of appeal the petitioner had stated as under:
"That though the market price of the acquired land is not less than Rs.80,000/-per acre but the appellants are not in a position to pay a huge amount of court-fee. Thus the appellants now claim an enhancement of Rs. 4,00,000/ - on the whole of their land over and above what has been paid by the learned Additional District Judge, Bhatinda."
It was, therefore, prayed that the petitioners be paid an additional sum of Rs. 4,00,000/- over and above the compensation awarded by the Additional District Judge, Bhatinda with 15% solatium and interest as permitted by law from the date of taking possession till actual payment. In view of the direction contained in the order of the learned Single judge extracted above, the additional compensation awarded in appeal to the petitioner-society was restricted to Rs. 4,00,000/ - in respect of which court-fee of Rs. 6248 / - was paid. The decision of the learned Single judge was rendered on November 10, 1981. Thereafter the matter rested there. But, after a lapse of almost six years the petitioner-society preferred an application, being Civil Mise. No. 75-C/ 1 of 1987 in R. F. A. No. 274 of 1981 purporting to be under Ss. 149, 152 and 153 read with S. 151 of the Code of Civil Procedure, praying that the society be allowed to make good the deficiency in the court-fee and the judgment and decree dated November 10, 1981 in R.F.A. No. 274 of 1981 be so amended as to grant additional compensation with enhanced solatium and interest as per the amendment made in the Act by Act No. 68 of 1984. Several such claims made by those whose lands were acquired came up for hearing before t
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