SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
K. JAYACHANDRA REDDY AND R.C. PATNAIK, JJ.
Jagtar Singh, Appellant
versus
State of Punjab, Respondent.
Criminal Appeal No. 251 of 1981
Decided on 11-2-1992.
Indian penal code - Section 302 – Criminal Procedure Code – 342 - Arms Act - Section 27 – Offence of murder - Caused death by firing with gun - Accusation against him was that he caused the death by firing at them with a gun - Prosecution examined some eye-witnesses - Doctors evidence also proved that, two deceased died of gunshot injuries - Accused also had injuries which were caused by a fire arm - He pleaded in his statement under Section 342, Cr.P.C. before trial Court that two deceased and other persons armed with guns shot at him and he in his self defence had shot at them and tresulted in causing injuries to the deceased persons, who died - Trial court acquitted other two accused, but convicted appellant under Section 304, Part I, IPC and sentenced him under each count to ten years imprisonment, but directed the sentences to run consecutively - He was further convicted under Section 27 of the Arms Act to two years rigorous imprisonment and to pay a fine - Held, Court are of view there was no necessity for accused to cause death of two persons - In that view of the matter, it has to be held that he exceeded his right of self-defence in which case the offence, as rightly held by Sessions Court, would be one punishable under Section 304, Part I, IPC. Accordingly, we set aside the conviction of the appellant under Section 302, IPC and instead convict him under Section 304, Part I, IPC and sentence him to undergo 10 years rigorous imprisonment under each count and the sentences are to run concurrently - Further the conviction and the sentence awarded under Arms Act and the fine along with default clause are confirmed. In the result, we set aside the Judgment of the High Court and confirm Judgment of trial Court with this modification, namely, that the sentences shall run concurrently. Like-wise, the sentence awarded under Section 27 of the Arms Act shall also run concurrently - Appeal is allowed
JUDGMENT
The appellant, Jagtar Singh was tried along with two others for an offence punishable under Section 302, IPC read with Section 34, IPC. The accusation against him was that he caused the death of Balkar Singh and Nirmal Singh by firing at them with a gun. The prosecution examined some eye-witnesses. Doctors evidence also proved that, the two deceased died of gun shot injuries. The accused, Jagtar Singh also had injuries which were caused by a fire arm. He pleaded in his statement under Section 342, Cr.P.C. before the trial Court that two deceased and other persons armed with guns shot at him and he in his self defence had shot at them and that resulted in causing injuries to the deceased persons, who died. The trial court acquitted the other two accused, but convicted the appellant under Section 304, Part I, IPC and sentenced him under each count to ten years imprisonment, but directed the sentences to run consecutively. He was further convicted under Section 27 of the Arms Act to two years rigorous imprisonment and to pay a fine of Rs. 500/-.
2. The State preferred An. appeal and the High Court held that the offence committed by the appellant was one punishable under Section 302, IPC and under each count, namely, causing the death of two persons, sentenced him to imprisonment for life, This appeal is preferred against the said Judgment of the High Court.
3. The learned counsel for the appellant submits that the High Court has not properly appreciated the right of the self defence and that the injuries found on the appellant would go to show that he was shot at and, therefore, .his plea that in exercise of right of self-defence, he shot at the two deceased persons should have been accepted and he should have been acquitted completely.
4. From the above stated facts it can be seen that the case lies in a narrow compass. While according to the prosecution the accused intentionally caused the death of two persons, the defence case is that in exercise of self-defence he caused the death of the deceased persons.
5. Dr. Pritam Singh, who examined the appellant on the same day found as many as 8 injuries and all of them were caused by a fire arm and they were fresh. Some of the injuries were on the chest. The prosecution came forward with an explanation that another person, by name, Kartar Singh, P.W. 11, who was in the company of the two deceased persons shot at the appellant and caused those injuries and, therefore, the deceased were not responsible for those injuries. On the other hand, the appellant has taken a specific plea of right of self-defence. He stated before the trial Court that on the day of occurrence the two deceased armed with guns along with another person broke into his house and the deceased Balkar Singh opened fire at him as a result of which he (the appellant) sustained fire arm injuries, and in order to defend himself he fired a shot in the air in spite of that the assailants did not retreat. Thereupon in order to defend his own person he fired at the assailants, who at that time were at a short distance and on his firing the two deceased persons received injuries and dropped on the ground. The appellant further stated that he went to the police station to give a report, but he was taken to the hospital where he was examined by the doctor. The doctor who had been examined as a witness supports his defence. The accused has taken a specific plea of right of self-defence and it is not necessary that he should prove it beyond all reasonable doubt. But if the circumstances warrant that he had a reasonable apprehension that death or grievous hurt was likely to be caused to him by the deceased or their companions, then if he had acted in the right of self-defence, he would be doing so lawfully. The plea of the appellant in the circumstances of the case cannot altogether be rejected. It is plausible. The occurrence had taken place in front of the house of the appellant. He had categorically stated that two decease
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.