JUDGMENT

THOMMEN, J.:—Leave granted.

2. The National Thermal Power, Corporation (the NTPC) appeals from the judgment of the Delhi High Court in FAO (OS) No. 102/90 dismissing the NTPCs application filed under Sections 14, 30 and 33 of the Arbitration Act, 1940 (No. X of 1940) to set aside an interim award made at London by a tribunal constituted by the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (the "ICC Court") in terms of the contract made at New Delhi between the NTPC and the respondent - the Singer Company (the Singer) for the supply of equipment, erection and commissioning of certain works in India. The High Court held that the award was not governed by the Arbitration Act, 1940; the arbitration agreement on which the award was made was not governed by the law of India; the award fell within the ambit of the Foreign Awards (Recognition and Enforcement) Act, 1961 (Act 45 of 1961) (the Foreign Awards Act); London being the seat of arbitration, English Courts alone had jurisdiction to set aside the award; and, the Delhi High Court had no jurisdiction to entertain the application filed under the Arbitration Act, 1940.

3. The NTPC and the Singer entered into two formal agreements dated 17-8-1982 at New Delhi. The General Terms and Conditions of Contract dated 14-2-81 (the General Terms) are expressly incorporated in the agreements and they state :

"the laws applicable to this Contract shall be the laws in force in India. The Courts of Delhi shall have exclusive jurisdiction in all matters arising under this Contract." (7.2).

The General Terms deal with the special responsibilities of foreign contractors and Indian contractors. The Singer, being a -foreign contractor, is governed by the provisions relating to the foreign contractors. The General Terms further provide for settlement of disputes by amicable settlement, failing which by arbitration.

4. Sub-clause (6) of Clause 27 of the General Terms deals with arbitration in relation to an Indian contractor and sub-clause (7) of the said clause deals with arbitration in respect of a foreign contractor. The latter provision says :

"27.7. In the event of foreign contractor, the arbitration shall be conducted by three arbitrators, one each to be nominated by the Owner and the Contractor and the third to be named by the President of the International Chamber of Commerce, Paris. Save as above all Rules of Conciliation and Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce shall apply to such arbitrations. The arbitration shall be conducted at such places as the arbitrators may determine."

In respect of an Indian Contractor, sub-clause 6.2 of Clause 27 says that the arbitration shall be conducted at New Delhi in accordance with the provisions of the Arbitration Act, 1940. It reads:

"27.6.2. The arbitration shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Arbitration Act, 1940 or any statutory modification thereof. The venue of arbitration shall be New Delhi, India."

The General Terms further provide :

"the Contract shall in all respects be construed and governed according to Indian laws." (32.3).

The formal agreements which the parties executed on 17-8-82 contain a specific provision for settlement of disputes. Article 4.1 provides :

"4.1. Settlement of Disputes: It is specifically agreed by and between the parties that all the differences or disputes arising out of the contract or touching the subject matter of the contract, shall be decided by process of settlement and arbitration as specified in clause 26.0 and 27.0 excluding 27.6.1 and 27.6.2., of the General Conditions of the Contract."

5. Being a foreign contractor, the provisions of sub-clause (6) of clause 27 of the General Terms are not applicable to the Singer, but the other provisions of clause 27 govern the present contract. Accordingly, the dispute which arose between the parties was referred to an Arbitral Tribunal constituted in terms of the rules of arbitration of the ICC Court (t