Judgment

R.M. SAHAI, J.- The questions that arise for consideration in these petitions, filed by approximately 1200 persons claiming to be helpers and working for long time with Electricity Board are whether these petitions can be entertained under Article 32 of the Constitution and a direction be issued to opposite parties to regularise their services and absorb them in the post of helpers in keeping with the guidelines and the criteria laid down by Justice Khalid Commission in pursuance of an order passed by this Court.

2. The petitioners are not members of any union. They have approached this Court as individuals and claim that they have been working as contract labourers and performing the task of helpers, therefore, they are entitled to be regularised and paid the salary which is paid to a regular employee as the meagre amount that is being paid to them by their contractors is so low that it results in exploitation and is consequently violative of constitutional guarantee under Articles 14, 16 and 21 of the Constitution. It is alleged that in the year 1986 the Board passed orders prescribing qualifications for various posts including the post of helpers which was challenged by some of the unions but the petitioners did not choose to question its correctness as in 1986 there were 9000 regular posts of helpers which were sought to be filled through Employment Exchange which did not affect them. The High Court did not find any merit in the petitions filed by the unions challenging the rule prescribing minimum qualification; consequently, those petitioners approached this Court by way of special leave petition in which parties agreed for appointment of Mr Justice Khalid as one-man Commission to examine and recommend the criteria for absorbing and regularising the services of helpers. After submission of the report the Board approached this Court for clarification that the Commission report was confined to only those persons who were parties to the writ petition. These applications were decided on 30-4-1991 and following order was passed:

"The Courts order dated 10-4-1991 is clear enough to indicate that the report of Mr Justice Khalid, former Judge of this Court is binding between the parties. The report deals with the workmen who were parties to the writ petition as well as other workmen similarly situated. It cannot be said that the order of this Court confined only to the workmen who were parties to the writ petition as now contended for the Board."

3. Till now the petitioners were not on scene. Since the Court had observed that its earlier order by which the Commission was constituted applied to other similarly situated five trade unions of workers of Tamil Nadu Electricity Board who had not got impleaded before the Commission till submission of the report intervened for impleadment. Their application was rejected by the Commission on 20-7-1991. The Commission observed:

"[I]t cannot be that the interveners did not know that two new parties had got themselves impleaded before the Commission. It is impossible to accept the case that the interveners were in the dark about the scope of the Commission and about the day-to-day proceedings before the Commission. That such a large number of alleged workmen with strong unions with political backing would have been unaware of what took place before the Commission and what was the scope of the Commission, cannot be accepted without reservation."

The Commission in the same order explained the misapprehension of the unions about the order passed by this Court in April 1991 and observed as under:

"The argument fails to take note of the circumstances under which the above observations were made by the Supreme Court. In the objection petition filed by the Board, the contention was that the Commission could deal with only workmen who were parties to the writ petition. This means that the Board wanted the benefits of the report to be extended only to the first petitioner before the Commission. It