JUDGMENT

Special leave granted. Substitution application allowed.

2. These are four batches of appeals, special leave petitions and writ petitions under Article 32 of the Constitution arising out of certain Governmental orders passed from time to time in regard to the age of retirement and consequential payment of grant to certain institutions, etc. The first Governmental order was issued on 7th February, 1976, bearing G.O.Ms, No. 105-Education by which the age of retirement of school teachers working in private (aided) management schools was reduced from 60 years to 55 years as in the case of teachers working in schools under the Government and Local Bodies to bring them at par in regard to conditions of service, including pension, etc. By GOMs No. 584-Education dated 25th May, 1976, the age of retirement of college teachers was reduced and the Government having undertaken the responsibility of paying pension to the aided institutions, it was decided that no grant-in-aid will be admissible to any teachers post, after the teacher holding the post had attained the age of 55 years. This Governmental order was admittedly issued in exercise of executive powers of the State Government. T