JUDGMENT

SAWANT, J :—In all these matters, the petitioner-establishment have challenged two orders viz, Nos. 683(E) and 684(E), both dated 31-8-1989, (hereinafter referred to as Orders) issued by the Central Government under Section 11 of the Working Journalists and other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) accepting and giving effect to the recommendations of the Wage Board Report dated 26-5-1989 (hereinafter referred to as the Report ) on various grounds. Order No. 683 (E) deals with wage-scales and grades, and Order No. 684 (E) deals with House Rent Allowance and City Compensatory Allowance. The Wage Board was constituted by the respondent 1-Union Government in 1985 under the chairmanship of Shri Bachawat and hence the Report given by it is known as Bachawat Award. Both the orders are challenged on the ground of violation of the fundamental rights under Articles 14,19(1) (a) and (1)(g) of the Constitution of India.

The petitioners also challenge the amendment of Sections 2 (d) and 10 (4) of the Act brought about by Sections 2 (i) and 3 of Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Constit