Judgment

K. RAMASWAMY, J.

(1) SPECIAL leave granted.

(2) AS the trio raised common questions of law, they are disposed of by a common judgment.

(3) THE first petitioner in the writ petition is an Association representing the officers of the State Civil Service of U.P. and petitioners 2 to 17 are its members. Some of them and Bihar State Officers are the appellants in the two appeals respectively. On 19/01/1984, the association represented to the government of India requesting to remove wide disparity prevailing in different States of promotional avenues from the State Civil Services to All India Administrative Service. The officers from Andhra Pradesh and Kerala, on completion of 8 to 9 years of service are becoming qualified for promotion to All India Administrative Service, while the officers from States like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar would get chance only after putting 24 to 27 years of service. The Estimates Committee of Seventh Lok Sabha too in its 77th Report highlighted the injustice. A committee of senior Secretaries constituted by the Union government recommended, after due consideration, to evolve equitable principles of comparable senio