SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
T.S. THAKUR, VIKRAMAJIT SEN, JJ.
Praful Manohar Rele – Appellant
Versus
Smt. Krishnabai Narayan Ghosalkar & Ors. – Respondents
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 50 OF 2014 (Arising out of S.L.P. (C) No.4719 of 2010)
Decided On : 3-01-2014
Indian Easements Act, 1882 - Section 60 - Damage to property - Claim possession of suit premises - Terms of notice assuring for delivery of vacant possession - Damage to property - Plaintiff prayed for decree for possession of suit premises comprising part of house mentioned above on ground that defendants who happened to be legal heirs of one Goldsmith by profession residing in Bombay was allowed to occupy suit premises as gratuitous licensee on humanitarian considerations without any return compensation fee or charges for such occupation - Upon demise defendants who stepped into his shoes as legal heirs started abusing confidence reposed by plaintiff in creating nuisance and annoyance to plaintiff with result that plaintiff was forced to terminate licence granted by him in terms of notice assuring for delivery of vacant possession of premises – Held, Plaintiff was entitled on that basis alone to ask for an alternative relief of decree for eviction on grounds permissible Rent Control Act - Such an alternative plea did not fall foul if any of requirements tests set out in decision of Court case Court say so because written statement filed by defendant contained an express admission of fact that property belonged to plaintiff and that defendants were in occupation as tenants - Court also question whether defendants were in occupation as licencee or as tenants had been specifically put in issue thereby giving fullest opportunity to parties to prove their respective cases - There was no question of defendants being taken by surprise by alternative case pleaded by plaintiff nor could any injustice result from alternative plea being allowed and tried by Court - As matter of fact trial Court had without any demurrer gone into merits of alternative plea and dismissed suit on ground that plaintiff had not been able to prove case for eviction of defendants - There was thus not only proper trial on all those grounds urged by plaintiff but also judgment in favour of defendant respondents - Last but not least even if alternative plea had not been allowed to be raised in suit filed by appellant he would have been certainly entitled to raise that plea and seek eviction in separate suit filed on very same grounds – Appeal allowed
JUDGMENT
T.S. THAKUR, J.
1. Leave granted.
2. This appeal arises out of a judgment and order dated 16th October, 2009 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay whereby the High Court has allowed Civil Second Appeal No.90 of 1992 set aside the judgment and decree passed by the Additional District Judge in Civil Appeal No.33 of 1987 and restored that passed by the Trial Court dismissing Regular Civil Suit No.87 of 1984. The factual backdrop in which the dispute arose may be summarized as under:
3. Manohar Narayan Rele owned a house bearing Panchayat No.105 situate in village Ravdanda, Taluka Alibag, District Raigad, in the State of Maharashtra. In RCS No.87 of 1984 filed by the said Shri Rele before the Civil Judge (Junior Division), Alibag, the plaintiff prayed for a decree for possession of the suit premises comprising a part of the house mentioned above on the ground that the defendants who happened to be the legal heirs of one Shri Narayan Keshav Ghosalkar, a Goldsmith by profession, residing in Bombay was allowed to occupy the suit premises as a gratuitous licensee on humanitarian considerations without any return, compensation, fee or charges for such occupation. Upon the demise of Shri Narayan Keshav Ghosalkar in February 1978, the defendants who stepped into his shoes as legal heirs started abusing the confidence reposed by the plaintiff in the said Ghosalkar and creating nuisance and annoyance to the plaintiff with the result that the plaintiff was forced to terminate the licence granted by him in terms of a notice assuring for delivery of vacant possession of the premises w.e.f. 1st February, 1984. Upon receipt of the notice, the defendants instead of complying with the same sent a reply refusing to vacate the premises on the false plea that they were occupying the same as tenants since the time of Shri Narayan Keshav Ghosalkar and were paying rent although the plaintiff had never issued any receipt acknowledging such payment. In a rejoinder sent to the defendants, the plaintiff denied the allegations made by the defendants and by way of abundant caution claimed possession of the suit premises even on the grounds permitted under the Rent Control Act of course without prejudice to his contention that the defendants could not seek protection under the Rent Act. Time for vacation of the premises was also extended by the said rejoinder upto the end of April, 1984.
4. The defendants did not vacate the premises thereby forcing the plaintiff to file a suit for possession against them on the ground that they were licensees occupying the premises gratuitously and out of humanitarian considerations. It was alternatively urged that the plaintiff was entitled to vacation of the premises on the ground of bona fide personal need, nuisance, annoyance and damage allegedly caused to the premise and to the adjoining garden land belonging to him.
5. In the written statement filed by the defendants they stuck to their version that the suit property was occupied by Shri Narayan Keshav Ghosalkar as a tenant and upon his demise the defendants too were in occupation of the same as tenants.
6. On the pleadings of the parties the Trial Court framed as many as eight issues and eventually dismissed the suit holding that the plaintiff had failed to prove that the defendants were gratuitous licensees. The Trial Court also held that the defendants had proved that they were occupying the premises as tenants on a monthly rent of Rs.13/- and that the plaintiff had failed to prove that he required the premises for his bona fide personal use and occupation. Issues regarding the defendants causing nuisance and annoyance to the plaintiff and damage to the property were also held against the plaintiff by the Trial Court while declining relief to the plaintiff.
7. Aggrieved by the judgment and decree passed by the Trial Court, the plaintiff preferred Civil Appeal No.33 of 1987 before the Additional District Judge, Alibag who formulated six points for det
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