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SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
N. V. Ramana, Mohan M. Shatanagoudar, JJ.
P. SURENDRAN – PETITIONER(S)
VERSUS
STATE BY INSPECTOR OF POLICE – RESPONDENT(S)
SLP (CRL.) No. 1832 of 2019
Decided On : 29-03-2019
(B) Administration of Justice – Judicial Function – Nature of judicial function is well settled under our legal system – Judicial function is duty to act judicially which invests with that character – Distinguishing factor which separates administrative and judicial function is duty and authority to act judicially – Judicial function may be defined as process of considering proposal, opposition and then arriving at a decision upon the same on consideration of facts and circumstances according to rules of reason and justice. (Para 9)
Facts of Case:
District Principal Judge by an Order dated 02.01.2019, dismissed anticipatory bail application of petitioner. Aggrieved by the same, petitioner approached High Court of Madras seeking anticipatory bail, but Registry of High Court refused to number and list the matter before court on the issue of maintainability under SC/ST Act.
Findings of Court:
High Court Registry could not have exercised such judicial power to answer maintainability of the petition, when the same was in realm of Court. Act of numbering a petition is purely administrative. Objections taken by Madras High Court Registry on aspect of maintainability requires judicial application of mind by utilizing appropriate judicial standard.
Result : Petition disposed of in terms.
ORDER
N. V. RAMANA, J.,
1. This Special Leave Petition has been filed against the impugned order and judgment dated 02.01.2019, in Crl.M.P. No. 5697 of 2018 passed by the Learned Court of. The Principle Sessions Judge of Kancheepuram District at Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu and the order of the High Court Registry, in not numbering the anticipatory bail petition of the petitioner-accused herein.
2. We need to refer to the basic facts necessary for the disposal of the case at hand. An FIR was filed against the three co-accused (Murugesan, S. M. Ekambaram and Ramaswamy), before the PS Pallikaranai, St. Thomas Mount, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, being Crime No. 937 of 2017, dated 03.04.2017, under Section 147, 148, 448, 302 and 506 of IPC. It is averred that subsequently Offence under Section 3(ii) of the Scheduled castes and the Scheduled Tribes (prevention of atrocities) Act, 1989 [‘SC/ST Act’] was also added. Further it is to be noted that the Petitioner herein was later arrayed as an accused by the police. In view of apprehension of arrest, the petitioner filed an Anticipatory Bail Application being Crl.M.P. No. 5697 of 2018, before the Learned Court of The Principal Sessions Judge of Kancheepuram at Chengalpattu.
3. The District Principal Judge by an Order dated 02.01.2019, dismissed the anticipatory bail application of the petitioner. Aggrieved by the same, petitioner approached the High Court of Madras seeking anticipatory bail, but the Registry of the High Court refused to number and list the matter before the court on the following office objection
“It may be stated how this petition for Anticipatory Bail is maintainable, since the offence is under SC/ST Act”
Even though the petitioner herein replied to the aforesaid office objection, the High Court Registry rejected numbering of the petition and dismissed the Anticipatory Bail Petition on the issue of maintainability under SC/ST Act.
4. Aggrieved by such non-registration, the petitioner is before this Court on a question of law as to whether the Madras High Court Registry was wrong, in not numbering the Anticipatory-Bail Petition and as to whether consequent dismissal of the same on the issue of maintainability of the petition impinges on the judicial function of the High Court?
5. In view of the importance of the matter, this Court had requested the assistance of the Attorney General for India who acceded our request and assisted this Court.
6. Learned Attorney General has stated that the stance of the Registry of the Madras High Court in refusing to number the anticipatory bail application and not placing it before the appropriate bench is incorrect. He states that in light of the subsequent amendment of 2018 to the SC/ST Act, particularly the inclusion of Section 18A under the SC/ST Act, appropriate bench has to adjudicate the matter as the same is a judicial function. Therefore, the registry of the Madras High Court cannot refuse to number the anticipatory bail application on the ground of maintainability.
7. Recently, the Government amended the SC/ST Act, through The Scheduled Castes and The Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2018 No. 27 of 2018, wherein a new provision being Section 18A was inserted, which reads as under –
"18-A. (1) For the purposes of this Act,—
(a) preliminary enquiry shall not be required for registration of a First Information Report against any person; or
(b) the investigating officer shall not require approval for the arrest, if necessary, of any person, against whom an accusation of having committed an offence under this Act has been made and no procedure other than that provided under this Act or the Code shall apply.
(2) The provisions of section 438 of the Code shall not apply to a case under this Act, notwithstanding any judgment or order or direction of any Court.".
(emphasis added)
8. We may note that the aforesaid amendment has been constitutionally challenged in various writ petitions listed before a differ
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