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2023 Supreme(SC) 1297

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
DHANANJAYA Y. CHANDRACHUD, CJI., J.B. PARDIWALA, MANOJ MISRA, JJ.
Orbit Electricals Private Limited – Petitioner
Versus
Deepak Kishan Chhabria and Others – Respondents
Contempt Petition (Civil) No. 1195 of 2023, Civil Appeal No. 6108 of 2023
Decided On : 30-10-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner(s): Mr. Mukul Rohatgi, Sr. Adv. Mr. Ranjeet Kumar, Sr. Adv. Mr. Neeraj Kishan Kaul, Sr. Adv. Mr. Kunal Mehta, Adv. Mr. Shikhil Suri, Adv. Mr. Abhinav Agrawal, AOR
For the Respondent(s) Mr. Shyam Divan, Sr. Adv. Mr. Maninder Singh, Sr. Adv. Mr. Amit Jajoo, Adv. Mr. Malak Manish Bhatt, AOR Ms. Vatsala Pant, Adv. Mr. Mandeep Singh, Adv. Mr. Darius Khambata, Sr. Adv. Mr. Somasekhar Sundaresan, Adv. Mr. Ravi Gadagkar, Adv. Mr. Nitin Saluja, AOR Mr. Saahil Mongia, Adv. Ms. Ishita Soni, Adv. Ms. Simran Khurana, Adv. Ms. Pranya Madan, Adv. Dr. A.M. Singhvi, Sr. Adv. Mr. Krishnendu Dutta, Sr. Adv. Mr. Ankur Saigal, Adv. Mr. E.C. Agrawala, AOR Mr. Shashwat Singh, Adv. Ms. Geetika Sharma, Adv. 2 Mr. P.S. Patwalia, Sr. Adv. Mr. Amit Pawan, AOR Mr. Suchit Singh Rawat, Adv. Ms. Shivangi, Adv. Mr. Anand Nandan, Adv. Mr. Aakarsh, Adv. Mr. Hassan Zubair Waris, Adv. Mr. Tushar Mehta, SG Mr. Prashanto Sen, Sr. Adv. Mr. Kanu Agrawal, AOR Mr. Madhav Sinhal, Adv. Mr. Bhuvan Kapoor, Adv. Mr. Deepak Khosla, Adv.

Headnote:

Interim Relief - Company Law - NCLT, NCLAT - The court vacated the interim direction passed by NCLAT and directed that any action on the appointment of the Executive Chairperson shall be subject to the outcome of the pending appeal. The NCLAT defied the court's order by delivering the judgment despite being apprised of the order. The court set aside the NCLAT judgment and directed a fresh hearing. The court found the NCLAT's actions unbecoming and issued a show cause notice for contempt against its members. The Scrutiniser delayed the declaration of the AGM result, breaching the court's directions, and was ordered to pay a fine to the Prime Minister's Relief Fund. The Member (Judicial) of NCLAT tendered resignation. The court dismissed an Interlocutory Application unrelated to the main proceedings.

Fact of the Case:

The NCLT dismissed the application for interim relief by the first respondent, who appealed to the NCLAT. The NCLAT reserved orders and directed to maintain status quo. The court vacated the interim direction and directed that any action on the appointment of the Executive Chairperson shall be subject to the outcome of the pending appeal. The NCLAT defied the court's order by delivering the judgment despite being apprised of the order. The court set aside the NCLAT judgment and directed a fresh hearing. The Scrutiniser delayed the declaration of the AGM result, breaching the court's directions, and was ordered to pay a fine to the Prime Minister's Relief Fund. The Member (Judicial) of NCLAT tendered resignation. The court dismissed an Interlocutory Application unrelated to the main proceedings.

Finding of the Court:

The NCLAT's actions were unbecoming and it defied the court's order. The Scrutiniser breached the court's directions and was fined. The Member (Judicial) of NCLAT tendered resignation. An Interlocutory Application unrelated to the main proceedings was dismissed.

Issues: Defiance of court's order by NCLAT, delay in declaration of AGM result by Scrutiniser, resignation of Member (Judicial) of NCLAT, dismissal of an Interlocutory Application unrelated to the main proceedings.

Ratio Decidendi: The court found the NCLAT's actions unbecoming and issued a show cause notice for contempt against its members. The Scrutiniser delayed the declaration of the AGM result, breaching the court's directions, and was ordered to pay a fine to the Prime Minister's Relief Fund. The Member (Judicial) of NCLAT tendered resignation. The court dismissed an Interlocutory Application unrelated to the main proceedings.

Final Decision: The NCLAT's judgment was set aside, and a fresh hearing was directed. The Scrutiniser was fined, and the Member (Judicial) of NCLAT tendered resignation. An Interlocutory Application unrelated to the main proceedings was dismissed.

ORDER :

1. The order of this Court of 26 September 2023 sets out the background. Rather than replicate the background, we set it out below:

    “(1) The National Company Law Tribunal1 [“NCLT”] dismissed the application filed by the first respondent for the grant of interim relief by an order dated 31 December 2019. The first respondent is in appeal before the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal.2 [“NCLAT”] Admittedly, no interim relief operated in favour of the first respondent during the pendency of the appeal.

    (2) The appeal has been heard and orders were reserved by the NCLAT on 21 September 2023. However, while reserving orders, the NCLAT has directed the parties “to maintain status quo as was available prior to EOGM dated 03.05.2019” till the judgment is delivered. No reasons have been indicated by the NCLAT even prima facie for issuing the interim order, particularly in the context of the fact that there was no interim relief operating since the dismissal of the application for interim relief on 31 December 2019. It is admitted that no relief was obtained by the first respondent in the proceedings before the Bombay High Court, as well.

    (3) In the circumstances, we vacate the interim direction as noted above. The Annual General Meeting (AGM) of the company, Finolex Cables Limited is to take place on 29 September 2023. Any action which is taken on proposed resolution No. 4 pertaining to the appointment of the Executive Chairperson shall be subject to the outcome of the appeal which is pending before the NCLAT.

    (4) Subject to the aforesaid modifications, the appeals are allowed and the impugned order is set aside to the aforesaid extent.

    (5) Pending applications, if any, stand disposed of.”

2. By the above order of this Court, the interim direction which was passed by the NCLAT on 21 September 2023 at the stage of reserving orders, restoring the status quo ante “as was available prior to EOGM dated 3 May 2019” was vacated bearing in mind that:

    (i) No reasons at all were indicated.

    (ii) No interim relief had operated since the dismissal of the application for interim relief on 31 December 2019.

    (iii) No relief was obtained by the first respondent in proceedings before the Bombay High Court.

3. While vacating the interim order, this Court noted that the Annual General Meeting of Finolex Cables Limited was to take place on 29 September 2023 and specifically directed that “any action which is taken place on proposed resolution No. 4 pertaining to the appointment of the Executive Chairperson shall be subject to the outcome of the appeal which is pending before the NCLAT.”

4. Subsequently on 13 October 2023, the proceedings were mentioned before this Court in the morning session in Contempt Petition No. 1195 of 2023, when the Court was apprised of the fact that the declaration of the result of the AGM was being deferred till the declaration of the judgment by the NCLAT. Taking note of the submission, this court observed:

    “We are prima facie of the view that the mandate of the order cannot be defeated by deferring the declaration of the result till a judgment is rendered by NCLAT.”

5. This Court specifically issued the following directions:

    “(5) The scrutinizer shall, in compliance with the order of this Court proceed to declare the result of the Annual General Meeting which was held on 29 September 2023 forthwith.

    (6) The NCLAT shall proceed to declare its judgment in the pending appeal after it is duly apprised of the fact that the result of the Annual General Meeting has been declared.”

6. The above directions of this Court were in two parts. The first part which applied to the Scrutiniser contained a specific direction to the effect that in compliance with the previous order, the Scrutiniser shall proceed to declare the result of the AGM which was held on 29 September 2023. The second part, which was a direction to the NCLAT, was specifically to the effect that the NCLAT shall proceed to declare its judgment in the pending appeal after it is d

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