SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
S.Ravindra Bhat, Aravind Kumar, JJ.
The State of Haryana – Petitioner
Versus
Darshan Singh & Anr. – Respondents
Petition(s) for Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) No.1176 of 2023
Decided On : 08-08-2023
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. court's procedural overview of the case. (Para 1) |
| 2. discussion on witness notification and trial court's responsibilities. (Para 2) |
| 3. clarification of the consequences of non-appearance under the law. (Para 3 , 4) |
| 4. outline of procedural steps under criminal procedure. (Para 5 , 6) |
| 5. ruling on annulment of improper court directives. (Para 7) |
| 6. allowing the bail but reversing certain directives. (Para 8 , 9) |
ORDER :
1. Upon hearing the counsel the Court made the following order
2. The High Court by its impugned order even while granting bail to the accused issued detailed and elaborate guidelines with respect to the manner of issuing proclamations under Sections 82 and 83 Cr.P.C. The impugned order decides inter alia that:
It is surprising that the trial Court has adopted a procedure under Section 82 Cr.P.C. against a witness, though the procedure under Section 82 Cr.P.C. is meant for appearance of an accused person."
3. The impugned order also reveals that the Court took into consideration Sections 174 , 82 and 311 IPC. The Court noted Section 174 but went on to hold that the defaulting witness can be punished with simple imprisonment with a term extending up to six months or fine.
4. The provisions of Section 174 Cr. P.C. are clear and they require the person bound to attend "In person or by an agent at a certain place and time, in obedience to summons, notice, order, omits to do so intentionally", will be punished. The consequence of non-appearance is, however, spelt out in Section 174 A, which reads as follows:
(1) of section 82 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years or with fine or with both, and where a declaration has been made under sub-section (4) of that section pronouncing him as a proclaimed offender, he shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine."
5. Reading of " Sections 82 and 83 also reveal the further steps to be taken by the High Court concerned after the summons are issued in default of which warrants can be issued, i.e. issuance of proclamation and the consequent attachment in respect to whom the proclamation is issued.
6. It is evident that the impugned order has inadvertently or otherwise entirely overlooked Form 5 and 6 and the important provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, i.e. Sections 83 and 174A.
7. Therefore, to the extent, they issue directions to the State and to all Courts within the territories of Punjab, Haryana and Union Territory of Chandigarh; are hereby set aside. However, to the extent that the order grants bail to the accused, is left undisturbed.
8. The special leave petition is allowed in the above terms
9. Pending applications, if any, are disposed of.
Mandatory compliance with Section 82(2)(i)(a) of Cr.P.C., emphasizing the requirement for the proclamation to be read publicly as per constitutional rights.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the term 'may' in Section 82(4) Cr.PC provides the court with discretion to issue a fresh proclamation for a person accused of an offense, and....
The court established that strict adherence to the procedural requirements of Section 82 Cr.P.C. is essential for validly declaring a person as a proclaimed offender.
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