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2025 Supreme(SC) 305

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Sanjay Karol, Manmohan, JJ.
Prakash Chand Sharma – Appellant
Versus
Rambabu Saini & Anr. – Respondents
Civil Appeal No. 2254 of 2025 (Arising out of SLP(C)No. 3066 of 2024)
Decided On : 10-02-2025

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner(s): Mr. Anuj Bhandari, AOR Mr. Anuj Bhandari, Adv.
For Respondent(s): Ms. Prerna Mehta, AOR

The court upheld the Medical Board's assessment of 100% disability, emphasizing the need for adequate compensation for pain and suffering, ultimately awarding Rs.48,70,000/- to the claimant.

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Sections 166 and 168 - Claim for compensation due to motor accident - The claimant-appellant suffered severe injuries leading to a comatose state after being hit by a negligent driver. The Tribunal initially awarded Rs.16,29,465/- as compensation, which was later modified by the High Court to Rs.19,39,418/-. The claimant appealed for further enhancement based on medical assessments and future prospects. (Paras 2, 5, 12)

(B) Compensation - Assessment of disability - The court emphasized the importance of medical opinions in determining disability and compensation, stating that the Tribunal's rejection of the Medical Board's findings was unjustified. (Paras 8, 11)

Facts of the case:
The claimant-appellant was involved in an accident on 23rd March, 2014, resulting in severe injuries and a comatose state. The Tribunal awarded compensation based on assessed disability and medical expenses. (Paras 2, 4)

Findings of Court:
The final compensation payable to the claimant-appellant was determined to be Rs.48,70,000/- with interest at 7% per annum from the date of the claim petition. (Paras 12, 13)

Issues: The main issues included the assessment of the claimant's disability, the adequacy of compensation for pain and suffering, and the liability of the insurance company. (Paras 3, 5)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the Medical Board's assessment of 100% disability should be upheld, and the compensation for pain and suffering was insufficient, warranting an increase. (Paras 8, 11)

Result: Appeal allowed.

JUDGMENT :

SANJAY KAROL, J.

1. Leave granted. This appeal is at the instance of the claimant-appellant aggrieved by the judgment and order dated 19th April, 2023 passed in S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No.3050 of 2017 by the High Court of Judicature at Rajasthan, Jaipur Bench1[The ‘impugned order’], while entertaining an appeal arising out of a judgment and order dated 18th January, 2017, passed in Claim No.575/2014 by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Alwar2[The ‘Tribunal’].

2. On 23rd March, 2014, the claimant-appellant was returning to his village Rajpur Badha from Cheel Ki Bawdi on his motorcycle bearing No.RJ 02 SC 4860, when another vehicle, a Maruti Omni bearing No.RJ 02 UA 1663 came from the opposite direction, on the wrong side of the road. The claimant- appellant suffered numerous injuries including on the head and his right leg. FIR No.81/14 was registered at Police Station Tehla, and he was taken, first to Katta Hospital, Bandikui, and thereafter, to Sawai Mansingh Hospital, Jaipur. Although, he survived his accident, he is in a comatose state.

3. The learned Tribunal framed three primary issues :

    a) Concerning rashness and negligence of the allegedly offending vehicle;

    b) The entitlement of the petitioner-claimant appellant to receive compensation and the extent thereof;

    c) Liability of the insurance company, if any.

4. On the first count, it was found that the respondents had not presented any evidence which would dislodge the case of the claimant-appellant. It was found that the Maruti Omni had indeed been responsible for the accident, being driven at high speed and negligently. On the second count, the conclusion of the Tribunal is as under :

    “Therefore, according to the above discussion, the compensation amount to be given to Petitioner is determined in the following manner:-

1.

50% permanent disability on account of loss of income due to injury 95,370 x 13

Rs.12,39,810/-

2.

Five Medical reimbursement bills and transportation expenses

Rs.171,155/-

3.

37 days admitted in hospital @ Rs.500 per day for hospitalization

Rs.18,500/- and for the attendant

4.

Lump sum payment for physical and mental pain, suffering of family members, deprivation of comforts and luxuries and future treatment for the said injury etc.

2,00,000

Total amount =

Rs.16,29,465/-.”

The third issue of liability of the insurance company was decided against them.

5. On appeal, the High Court held as under:

    “It is an admitted position that no neurosurgeon and treating doctor were produced by the claimant to prove hundred percent disability of the claimant before the Tribunal. So, in my considered opinion, trial court rightly came to the conclusion that disability certificate Ex.16 was not duly proved by the claimant. So, the Tribunal rightly assessed the disability of the injured to the extent of 50%. It is also admitted position that the Tribunal has not awarded any amount regarding future prospects of the injured. So, in my considered opinion, claimant was below 50 years of age, claimant is entitled to get 25% towards future prospects.

Net Annual Income of the claimant as per income tax returns

Rs.1,90,740/- x 50% = 95,370/- x 13 = Rs. 12,39,810/-

25% future prospects

Rs.12,39,810/- x 25% = 3,09,952.5/- Rounding off Rs.3,09,953/-)

Reimbursement of Medical Bill and transportation

Rs.1,71,155/-

For admission in the Hospital for 37 days @ 500/- per day and attendant charges

Rs.18,500/-

For physical and mental agony, pain and loss of amenities

Rs.2,00,000/-

Grand Total

Rs.19,39,418/-

    Accordingly, the appeal filed by the Insurance Company is dismissed, whereas the appeal filed by the appellant-claimant is party allowed. The judgment and award dated 18.01.2017 passed by the Tribunal is modified to the extent that

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