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2025 Supreme(SC) 631

SUDHANSHU DHULIA, K. VINOD CHANDRAN
Varshatai W/o. Sh. Sanjay Bagade – Appellant
Versus
State of Maharashtra Through Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Judiciary, Mantralaya, Mumbai & Ors. Etc. – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner(s): Mr. Kunal Cheema, AOR Mr. Satyajeetsingh Raghuwanshi, Adv. Mr. Raghav Deshpande, Adv.
For the Respondent(s): Ms. Preet S. Phanse, Adv. Mr. Siddharth Dharmadhikari, Adv. Mr. Aaditya Aniruddha Pande, AOR

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The judgment holds that the use of Urdu on a Municipal Council signboard is permissible and not prohibited by the 2022 Act, which does not bar additional languages (!) (!) (!) . - The 2022 Act does not prohibit display of an additional language; Marathi remains official, but Urdu can be used for communication and public interface in addition to Marathi (!) (!) (!) . - Section 308 of the 1965 Act, as amended in 2018, requires that suspension of a Council resolution be initiated by the Chief Officer and forwarded to the Collector; actions by a private party (like the appellant) without Chief Officer’s involvement are not maintainable under 308(1) (!) (!) . - Articles 345, 351, and related constitutional provisions recognize multiple official languages within states and emphasize the role of language in communication and culture; Hindustani/Hindi/Urdu are discussed in context of official language policy and diversity (!) (!) (!) (!) . - The High Court and this Court conclude that language policy should promote communication and avoid division, recognizing Urdu as part of India’s linguistic diversity rather than alien to the nation (!) (!) (!) .

What is the legality of displaying Urdu on municipal signboards alongside Marathi under the Maharashtra Local Authorities (Official Languages) Act, 2022?

What is the impact of the Maharashtra Local Authorities (Official Languages) Act, 2022 on Section 308 of the Maharashtra Municipal Council, Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Township Act, 1965 and on who may move applications for suspension of resolutions?

What is the interpretation of Article 345 and related official language provisions in support of multilingual official use within states and local authorities?


JUDGMENT :

SUDHANSHU DHULIA, J.

    ‘When you learn a language, you don’t just learn to speak and write a new language. You also learn to be open-minded, liberal, tolerant, kind and considerate towards all mankind.’

- Mouloud Benzadi

1. Leave granted.

2. The appellant before this Court is apparently not pleased with the use of Urdu on the signboard of the new building of the Municipal Council, Patur (hereinafter referred to as ‘Municipal Council’) in district Akola, Maharashtra. The board of the Council displays "Municipal Council, Patur", in Marathi at the top, with its translation below in Urdu language.

3. According to the appellant, who is a former member of the Municipal Council, the work of the Municipal Council can only be conducted in Marathi, and the use of Urdu in any manner is impermissible, even though it may just be a writing on the signboard of the Municipal Council.

4. The appellant first raised her objection before the Municipal Council itself. The Council made its deliberations on the question raised by the appellant and ultimately through its resolution dated 14.02.2020, the Municipal Council rejected the appellant’s objection by a majority, and it was resolved that the us

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