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2025 Supreme(SC) 878

PANKAJ MITHAL, AHSANUDDIN AMANULLAH
Shaifali Gupta – Appellant
Versus
Vidya Devi Gupta – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner(s): Mr. Navin Pahwa, Sr. Adv. Mr. Rajul Shrivastav, Adv. Mr. Mohit D. Ram, AOR Mr. Anubahav Sharma, Adv. Ms. Nayan Gupta, Adv. Mr. Rajul Shrivastav, Adv. Ms. Charu Ambwani, AOR Ms. Nayan Gupta, Adv.
For the Respondent(s): Ms. Charu Ambwani, AOR Mr. Kavin Gulati, Sr. Adv. Mr. Sudipto Sircar, AOR Mr. Apoorv Kurup, Sr. Adv. Mr. Anuj Tyagi, AOR Mr. Nishit Agrawal, Adv. Ms. Maitry Kakade, Adv. Ms. Akshita Agarwal, Adv. Mr. Mohit D. Ram, AOR

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - (!) - (!) - (!)

What is the effect of Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 Sections 4 and 14 on maintainability of a suit for partition and declaration where properties are alleged Joint Hindu Family properties purchased from joint funds?

What is the scope of Order VII Rule 11 CPC in rejecting a plaint where the Benami Act claims were not raised below, and whether a court may decide on merits despite potential Benami issues?

What are the rights of parties to contest the suit on merits if the plaint is not rejected under Order VII Rule 11 CPC and whether Section 4(9) exemptions apply to properties in the joint Hindu family context?


JUDGMENT :

(Pankaj Mithal, J.)

1. These two special leave petitions have been preferred, one by the contesting defendant No.2 to the suit and the other by one of the subsequent purchasers (defendant No.5) of some of the suit properties against the rejection of an application under Order VII Rule 11 of Code of Civil Procedure1[In short ‘CPC’] by the court of first instance as well as the High Court in revision.

2. Special Leave Petition (C) No.4673/20232[Smt. Shaifali Gupta vs. Smt. Vidya Devi Gupta & Ors.] preferred by the main contesting defendant to the suit is taken up as the lead case, therefore, the facts as stated therein and the parties as described therein shall be narrated and taken as a base.

3. The two plaintiffs i.e. the mother and the son being Smt. Vidya Devi Gupta (plaintiff No.1) and Shri Sudeep Gupta (plaintiff No.2) instituted a Regular Suit No.630A/2018 against the other son of plaintiff No.1 i.e. Sandeep Gupta (defendant No.1) and his wife Smt. Shaifali Gupta (defendant No.2). In the said suit, the two sons of the defendant No.1 namely Siddharth Gupta and Shantanu Gupta were arrayed as defendant Nos.3 and 4. The wife of the plaintiff No.2, Smt. Shalini Gupta and hi

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