SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2024 Supreme(SC) 1370

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
B.V. Nagarathna, Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh, JJ.
Chinu Rani Ghosh - Appellant
Vs.
Subhash Ghosh & Ors. - Respondent
Civil Appeal No. /2024 (@SLP (C) No. 23721 Of 2022)
Decided On : 11-12-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioners: Ms. Aditi Anil Dani, AOR
For the Respondents: Mr. Pijush K. Roy, Sr. Adv. Ms. Kakali Roy, Adv. Dr. Linto K B, Adv. Mr. Rajan K. Chourasia, AOR

Headnote:(A) Evidence Act, 1872 - Sections 63 and 68 - Indian Succession Act, 1925 - Proof of Will - The High Court reversed the Trial Court's finding that the execution of the Will was not proved, holding it valid. The Supreme Court restored the Trial Court's judgment, emphasizing that the Will was not executed per legal requirements. (Paras 8, 24)

(B) Legal Requirements for Wills - A Will must be attested by two or more witnesses, and proof of execution requires at least one attesting witness to testify. The absence of proper proof led to the conclusion that the Will was invalid. (Paras 10, 22)

Facts of the case:
The case involved a dispute over the partition of land inherited from deceased relatives, where the validity of a Will executed by Kanaki Bala Ghosh was contested. The Trial Court found the Will unproven, but the High Court reversed this decision. (Paras 3, 4)

Findings of Court:
The Supreme Court found that the Will was not proved according to legal standards, and thus the Trial Court's ruling was restored, granting the plaintiffs a share in the properties. (Paras 24, 25)

Issues: The primary issue was whether the Will was executed and attested in accordance with legal requirements. (Paras 10, 22)

Ratio Decidendi: The Supreme Court ruled that the lack of proper attestation and proof of execution invalidated the Will, reaffirming the necessity of strict adherence to statutory requirements for Wills. (Paras 22, 23)

Result: Appeal allowed, judgment of the Trial Court restored.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the case (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. trial court's decision and high court's reversal (Para 7 , 8)
3. arguments regarding the validity of the will (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. court's analysis of evidence on the will (Para 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)
5. legal standards for proving wills (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
6. final judgment and order (Para 24 , 25 , 26)

ORDER :

Leave granted.

2. Being aggrieved by the judgment dated 28.04.2022 passed in Regular First Appeal No.5/2021 by the High Court of Judicature at Tripura by which the First Appeal arising out of a preliminary judgment and preliminary decree dated 20.02.2021 and 23.02.2021 respectively, in TS(Partition) 13 of 2018 passed by the Court of the Civil Judge(Senior Division), Udaipur, Gomati District, Tripura holding that the execution of the Will (Ext.C) had not been proved and thus the plaintiffs and defendants were equally entitled to 1/6th share of the subject matter of Schedules B(i) and B(ii) land has been reversed by the High Court and the said Regular First Appeal has been allowed, plaintiff No.3/appellant in the said suit has preferred this appeal.

3. Briefly stated the facts of the case are that one Kariram Ghosh had two sons namely, Tarani Ghosh and Nabin Chandra Ghosh. Tarini Ghosh, Nabin Chandra Ghosh and Kanaki Bala Ghosh (wife of Nabin Chandra Ghosh) were allotted certain land by the State Government which was divided by way of a compromise as Schedule A, Schedule B (i), and Schedule B(ii) respectively. One of the brothers, Nabin Chandra Ghose, who was the sole owner of the schedule B(i) property passed away on 20.01.1982 leaving behind his widow-Kanaki Bala Ghosh as the sole legal heir. The other brother Tarani Ghosh was the sole owner of schedule A property and he passed away on 15.01.1991 leaving behind his widow-Bindu Ghosh, four daughters and two sons as legal heirs. Three out of the four daughters are the plaintiffs including the appellant herein whereas the other daughter and two sons are the defendants who are the respondents herein. After the death of Tarani Ghosh on 15.01.1991, he left behind the Schedule 'A' land, which his four daughters and two sons inherited. Consequently, the land was recorded in their names. Kanaki Bala Ghosh passed away on 01.07.2001, issueless, leaving behind the plaintiffs and defendants as her sole legal heirs under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. Thus, the plaintiffs and defendants became joint owners of the entire Schedule 'A', 'B(i)', and 'B(ii)' lands in equal shares, without any formal partition.

4. The plaintiffs made several requests to the defendants for partition of the suit land. However, the defendants repeatedly delayed the matter, and on 15.03.2013, they finally refused plaintiffs’ request for partition. Consequently, the plaintiffs instituted Suit No. TS(P) 16 of 2013 seeking partition of the suit land. The said suit was decreed on contest on 16.06.2014. Pursuant to this, RFA 7 of 2014 was filed by Defendant No. 2, and the plaintiffs filed RFA 10 of 2014 before the High Court. By a common judgment dated 05.06.2017, the High Court set aside the judgment and decree passed by the trial court, directing the parties to file a fresh suit after addressing the defects pointed out. Accordingly, the plaintiffs instituted the suit in T.S.(P) No. 13 of 2018 in the Court Civil Judge Senior Division, Gomati Udaipur, seeking a decree for the partition of the suit land into equal shares.

5. Defendant No.3 did not contest the suit and defendant No.2 supported the case of the plaintiffs. Contesting the suit, defendant No.1/respondent No.1 filed a written statement contending that plaintiff No.1/appellant/Charu Bala Ghosh, and defendant No.3/Smt. Parul Ghosh, are not the daughters of Tarani Ghosh and, therefore, are not entitled to any share in the suit property. It was further pleaded that the survival certificates concerning Tarani Ghosh, Nabin Chandra Ghosh, and Kanaki Bala Ghosh, which identify

    Click Here to Read the rest of this document
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    SupremeToday Portrait Ad
    supreme today icon
    logo-black

    An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

    Please visit our Training & Support
    Center or Contact Us for assistance

    qr

    Scan Me!

    India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

    For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

    whatsapp-icon Back to top