IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH AT AMARAVATI
SUBBA REDDY SATTI, J.
Uppalapu Venkata Krishna Rao S/o Venkateswara Rao – Petitioner
Versus
Gajavalli Venkata Ramesh Bhavani Prasad (Died) – Respondent
Civil Revision Petition Nos. 2483, 2560, 2561 of 2022
Decided On : 23-01-2023
CIVIL PROCEDURE - LIMITATION ACT - CONDONATION OF DELAY - SUBSTITUTION OF LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES - ABATEMENT OF SUIT - JURISDICTION OF HIGH COURT UNDER ARTICLE 227 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA - SCOPE AND AMBIT - INTERFERENCE WITH ORDERS OF SUBORDINATE COURTS OR TRIBUNALS - CIRCUMSTANCES WARRANTING INTERFERENCE.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiff filed a suit for declaration of ownership and consequential relief of permanent injunction. During the pendency of the suit, the 5th defendant died. Plaintiff filed an application to condone the delay of 685 days in filing the petition to set aside abatement, to set aside abatement, and to implead the legal representatives of the deceased 5th defendant. The trial court dismissed the application. Plaintiff filed a revision petition in the High Court.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court held that the trial court failed to exercise jurisdiction vested with it. The court found that the suit did not abate against the 5th defendant since one of the legal representatives of the deceased 5th defendant was already on record. Therefore, the delay to set aside abatement did not arise, and there was no need to file a petition to condone the delay.
Issues: 1. Whether the trial court failed to exercise jurisdiction vested with it warranting interference of the High Court under Article 227 of the Constitution of India? 2. Whether the suit abated against the 5th defendant?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The High Court has the power to interfere under Article 227 of the Constitution of India in cases of serious dereliction of duty and flagrant violation of fundamental principles of law or justice, where if the High Court does not interfere, a grave injustice remains uncorrected. 2. A suit does not abate against a party if one of the legal representatives of the deceased party is already on record.
Final Decision: The High Court allowed the revision petition, set aside the order of the trial court, and allowed the applications filed by the plaintiff. The plaintiff was directed to file a fair copy of the plaint after making necessary amendments as indicated by the court.
ORDER :
1. Plaintiff, in the suit, filed above revisions aggrieved by the order dated 19.09.2022 in I.A. No. 149 of 2022 in O.S. No. 382 of 2013 on the file of the XIV Additional District Judge-cum-Judge, Additional Family Court, Vijayawada and I.A. Nos. 150 of 2022 and 151 of 2022.
2. Plaintiff filed suit O.S. No. 382 of 2013 for declaration that the plaintiff is the absolute owner of plaint B schedule property and the sale deeds dated 11.10.2011 and 13.06.2012 and all other subsequent documents entered and executed in between the defendants are not valid under law and not binding on the plaintiff and for consequential relief of permanent injunction.
3. In the plaint, it was contended inter-alia that defendants 1 to 4 are owners of schedule property admeasuring 636 square yards of site bearing D. No. 27-19-8 situated in Durgaiah Street, Governorpet, Vijayawada described as plaint A schedule property; that defendants 1 to 4 entered into a development agreement with the plaintiff and another by name Mallikarjuna Reddy to develop the property and to construct cellar, ground, first, second and third floors in the above said site; that plaintiff obtained necessary permission from the Municipal Corporation, Vijayawada in the name of defendants 1 to 4 by paying necessary charges; that defendants 1 to 4 came to an understanding to construct fourth floor in the above said site with a specific understanding that all expenses, fees for construction are to be shared by both of them equally; that defendants 1 to 4 are having 50% share and plaintiff is having 50% share each in the constructed area; that the plaintiff has to invest all the amounts for the purpose of obtaining permission and to complete the entire construction; that defendants 1 to 4 delivered possession of plaint A schedule property and the plaintiff completed construction as per the understanding that plaintiff; that defendants 1 to 4 and partner of plaintiff entered into Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) dated 28.01.2010; that as per that MOU plaintiff is entitled for first and second floors towards his share described as plaint B schedule; that defendants 1 to 4 are entitled to remaining share i.e. ground, third and fourth floors; that cellar and terrace of building have to be shared as per floor ratio; that Mallikarjuna Reddy is having no manner of right since his claim was settled by plaintiff and defendant 1 to 4; that MOU was duly acknowledged and signed by said Mallikarjuna Reddy; that defendants 1 to 4 agreed to pay Rs. 40 lakhs to plaintiff, which was paid to defendants 1 to 4 as security deposit as per the terms of agreement dated 13.10.2006; that plaintiff has to complete unfinished part on or before 31.12.2020 and to provide other amenities; that plaintiff and defendants 1 to 4 are entitled to sell their respective shares in the building; that if the plaintiff sells his share of property, defendants 1 to 4 have to execute regular sale deeds in the name of purchasers or their nominees; that plaintiff several times requested defendants 1 to 4 to execute regular necessary deeds in his favour or his nominees regarding first and second floors as per MOU dated 28.01.2010, however, defendants 1 to 4 postponed to execute the same; that plaintiff subsequently came to know that defendants 1 to 4 without having any manner of right over first and second floors i.e. plaint B schedule property created collusive, sham and nominal documents in the name of 5th defendant by way of sale deeds dated 13.06.2012 and 11.10.2011; that 5th defendant in turn executed agreement of sale-cum-General Power of Attorney dated 29.06.2012 in favour of 6th defendant in respect of item No. 1 of plaint B schedule property; that 6th defendant executed sale deed dated 19.10.2013 onto himself basing on sale agreement-cum-GPA dated 29.06.2012; that 5th defendant also created mortgage in respect of second floor, item No. 2 of plaint B schedule property, in the name of defendants 7 to 9 on 02.03.2012; that
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The High Court has the power to interfere under Article 227 of the Constitution of India in cases of serious dereliction of duty and flagrant violation of fundamental principles of law or justice, wh....
Partial abatement of a suit occurs upon the death of a plaintiff when the interests in the suit property are separate and distinct, allowing the remaining plaintiffs to continue the legal proceedings....
No specific order for abatement of proceedings under one or other provisions of Order 22 is envisaged and the abatement takes place on its own force by passage of time.
Legal representatives cannot adopt inconsistent positions from the deceased, and a mere varadi does not constitute valid relinquishment of property rights.
Suit does not abate upon death of one plaintiff if the right to sue survives; legal representatives need not be substituted if the cause of action continues.
The right to sue must survive against the legal representatives of the deceased for the suit to proceed, and legal representatives have the right to state their defense.
The court affirmed the principle that procedural rules should receive liberal construction to ensure justice is served, specifically in applications for condonation of delay and substitution of legal....
Legal representatives may be impleaded in ongoing litigation when the right to sue survives, with procedural delays considered liberally to facilitate substantial justice.
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