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2008 Supreme(Kar) 788

High Court of Karnataka
THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANAND BYRAREDDY
Bhagyamma & Others - Appellant
Versus
Ningamma & Others - Respondents
Regular Second Appeal No.238 of 2004
Decided on : 24-11-2008

Advocates appeared:
For the Appellants :M/s. G.S. Bhat and Associates, Advocates.
For the Respondents:T.N. Raghupathy, Advocate.

Headnote:

alienation - partition - Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956, Section 6, 8, 12 - The widowed mother's authority to alienate ancestral property of minor daughters - Section 7 of the Limitation Act, 1963 - The legal necessity for alienation - [AIR 1986 Bombay 122, AIR 1938 Bombay 392, AIR 1963 Orissa 133, AIR 1976 Allahabad 118, AIR 1994 Karnataka 276, AIR 1998 Karnataka 325, 1998 (1) KAR LJ 552] - The alienation by the widowed mother of the minor daughters can be questioned in a suit for partition. Though her authority to alienate the same is present, the alienation can be questioned on the ground of whether or not there was a legal necessity. The suit was not barred by limitation insofar as plaintiffs 3 and 4 are concerned, as they attained majority during the pendency of the suit and chose to prosecute the suit in their own right. The sole male head of the Hindu joint family having died, leaving behind his widow and four daughters, the family would continue to constitute a joint Hindu family. The widowed mother would not have to seek permission of a competent Court to alienate the joint family property during the minority of her daughters. Section 7 of the Limitation Act, 1963 was not a bar to the suit in respect of plaintiffs 3 and 4, who were minors at the time of institution of the suit when the suit was not brought by their major sisters in the capacity of managers of the joint family property.

Judgment :-

Anand Byrareddy, J.

Heard the counsel for the parties.

2. Thefacts as are necessary for the disposal of the present appeal are as follows:

The appellants herein were the plaintiffs before the trial court and the respondents were the defendants. They are referred to as plaintiffs and defendants, respectively, herein, for convenience. The suit was for partition and separate possession of the plaintiffs 4/5th share in the suit schedule properties and consequential reliefs. The plaintiffs claimed that their father, Sannappa, died about 13 years prior to the suit, leaving behind the first defendant, their mother, and the plaintiffs to succeed to his estate, as he had no male issues. It is the case of the plaintiffs that they were each entitled to an equal share, along with the first defendant to the same. It was alleged that the first defendant had sold item No.1 of the suit schedule properties in favour of the second defendant, which was not in the interest of the plaintiffs and it was therefore contended that the said alienation would not affect their original share in the suit properties. And as there was a threat of the first defendant proceeding to alienate the other suit properties, at the instigation of defendant No. 2, the suit came to be filed.

The first defendant admitted the relationship but, pleaded ignorance of the sale transaction. It was contended that she had parted with the title deeds to item No.1 of the suit properties in order to create a mortgage in respect of the property as she was in dire need of funds for the family and had sought the assistance of the second defendant in this regard. It was only upon the institution of the suit and upon the second defendant filing his Written Statement in the suit, that the fraud played on her by the second defendant has dawned on her. In that, it was only then that she became aware that instead of the intended mortgage she had executed a sale deed in favour of the second defendant. She contended that she would therefore have no objection if the suit was decreed as prayed for.

The second defendant contended that he was unaware of the suit properties being the ancestral properties of the plaintiffs and claimed to be a bona-fide purchaser for value, of item No.1 of the suit properties. That he had no notice of the alleged interest of the plaintiffs interest, as he was assured by the first defendant that she had absolute authority to alienate the property, which he had purchased under a registered sale deed executed by the first defendant on 20-8-1982. That the first defendant was feigning ignorance of the sale and was acting in active collusion with the plaintiffs in the suit. He further claimed that the sale required to be protected in equity. It was contended that, in any event, the suit was barred by time as the suit was instituted on 13-1-1989.

Defendant No.1 died on 14-10-1992, during the pendency of the suit.

Defendants 3 and 4 were minors at the time of institution of the suit and were represented by their elder sister, Plaintiff No.2 as their guardian.

3. The trial court in framing issues as to whether the suit properties were the ancestral properties of the plaintiffs and whether they were entitled to 4/5 share in the same, cast the burden on the plaintiffs. The trial court cast the burden on the second defendant to establish that the sale transaction relating to item No.1 of the suit schedule properties, was for the legal necessity of the family of the first defendant and that he had been put in possession by defendant No. I pursuant thereto and whether the sale is binding on the plaintiffs.

4. Thetrial court decreed the suit in part, holding that the plaintiffs were entitled to separate possession of 1/4th share each, in the suit schedule items 2 & 3 and dismissed their claim in respect of suit schedule item No. 1.

5. The plaintiffs having challenged the judgment of the trial court before the first appellate court, the points on which the appeal was a




































































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