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2012 Supreme(Kar) 272

High Court of Karnataka
A.S. PACHHAPURE
Ajith Balse
Versus
Capt. Ranga Karkere
Criminal Revision Petition No. 404 of 2008
Decided on : 20-04-2012

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner:G. Jeevaprakash, Prasanna V.R., Advocates.
For the Respondent:P.P. Hedge, Advocate.

Headnote:NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT, 1881 - Section 138: [A.S. Pachhapure, J] Concurrent findings of conviction and sentence for offence punishable under Section 138 of the N.I. Act - Revision against - Held, It is well established principle of law that a complaint against any of the Director or person/s in-charge of the company is very much maintainable despite the fact that the company is not arrayed as an accused. So, as the law now stands it has to be held that a presumption under Section 138 of the Act can be maintained even in the absence of the company as an accused. There is no impediment to hold the complaint is maintainable. Revision petition is dismissed.

Judgement Key Points

Certainly. Based on the provided legal document, here are the key points summarized:

  1. The revision petition challenges the concurrent conviction and sentence of the accused under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, for the dishonour of cheques (!) (!) .

  2. The facts establish that there was an agreement between the parties for the supply of fish, supported by documentary evidence and admitted correspondence, which confirms the existence of a debt or liability owed by the accused to the complainant (!) (!) .

  3. The accused issued cheques towards settling this debt, but these cheques were dishonoured due to insufficient funds or payment stoppage, leading to legal proceedings under Section 138 of the Act (!) (!) .

  4. The legal notice demanding payment was sent but not responded to, further substantiating the case for dishonour and liability (!) .

  5. The courts below found the accused guilty, convicted him, and ordered him to pay a fine with default imprisonment, a decision that has been challenged in this revision (!) (!) .

  6. The grounds for contesting the conviction include the assertion that there was no debt owed, the cheques were obtained under threat or duress, and the company involved was not made a party to the proceedings (!) (!) .

  7. Evidence indicates that the accused, who was the Managing Director of the company, signed the cheques, and there is legal precedent supporting that a complaint against a director or person in charge of a company is maintainable even if the company itself is not named as an accused (!) (!) (!) .

  8. The law recognizes that a person responsible for conduct and in charge of a company's affairs can be prosecuted without necessarily prosecuting the company itself, provided the person is the signatory or responsible for the offence (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  9. The evidence does not substantiate the claim that the cheques were obtained through threat or coercion; the circumstances do not establish duress or undue influence (!) (!) .

  10. The court confirmed that the complaint and prosecution are legally tenable despite the absence of the company as a party, given that the accused was the signatory and responsible for the cheque (!) (!) .

  11. The revision petition was dismissed, and the conviction and sentence ordered by the lower courts were upheld (!) .

Please let me know if you require further analysis or specific legal advice related to this document.


Judgment :-

1. The revisionist has challenged the concurrent findings of his conviction and sentence for the offence punishable under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act [hereinafter referred to as “the Act” for short].

2. The facts relevant for the purpose of this revision in brief are as under.

The petitioner herein is the accused, whereas the respondent is the complainant before the trial Court. The accused-Ajith Balse is said to be the Managing Director of Tim Tim Far East Export Trading Company Private Limited, Patalganga, Raigad District, Maharastra, whereas the complainant is the Managing Partner of a concern by name Yermal Fish Trading (YFT), carrying on the business of supplying fishes. There is an agreement dated 19.09.2001 between the parties, wherein the complainant has supplied beheaded and gutted “Rani fish” to the accused company. The accused was paying the amount through telegraphic transfer and under the terms of the agreement, the complainant was to send the statement of accounts by fax for every 15 days. At the end of fishing season i.e., on 04.06.2002, the complainant sent the final statement, under which the accused was liable to pay `73,24,710-00 to the complainant. The accused had called the complainant to his company on 02.08.2002 to settle the debt and at that time, the accused issued 3 cheques of the State Bank of India (1) bearing No. 511693 dated 14.08.2002 for `20 lakhs (2) bearing No. 511694 dated 05.09.2002 for `15 lakhs and (3) bearing No. 511695 dated 17.09.2002 for `20 lakhs. The accused had undertaken to settle the balance amount of `18,24,710 during the next fishing season. Later, the complainant received a notice dated 05.08.2002 from the accused castigating false aspersions on the complaint and in fact the accused had enquired about the said letter. The accused pacified the complainant and requested to present the cheques for encashment after a week from the date of the cheques. The complaint presented the cheque bearing No. 511693 dated 14.08.2002 for `20 lakhs to the Corporation bank and the said cheque was returned with endorsement “payment stopped” and “funds insufficient”. The complainant issued a legal notice dated 09.09.2002 by fax and also by registered post acknowledgement. There was no compliance of the demand made in the notice. Hence the complainant approached the trial Court and submitted the complaint on these facts and requesting to initiate action against the accused for the offence punishable under Section 138 of the Act.

During the trial, the complainant examined himself as P.W.1 and in his evidence documents Exs.P1 to 151 were marked. Statements of the accused were recorded under Section 313 Cr.P.C. He examined himself as D.W.2 and a witness D.W.1. In their evidence got marked the documents Exs.D1 to 7. The trial Court after hearing counsel for the parties and on appreciation of the material on record, convicted the accused and ordered him to pay a fine of `21,25,000-00, in default to undergo simple imprisonment for 6 months. An appeal against the order by the accused also came to be dismissed on merits. Aggrieved by the concurrent findings, the present revision petition has been filed.

3. I have heard the learned counsel for the parties.

4. The validity of the orders of the Courts below were challenged on three grounds firstly, that there is no debt or liability due to the complainant, secondly, that the cheques in question were obtained by giving threat and thirdly, that the complainant has not impleaded the company as a party to the proceedings and therefore, the complaint is not maintainable in law.

5. The learned counsel for the respondent has supported the orders passed by the Courts below.

6. So far as the agreement between the parties is concerned, the complainant has produced the copy of the agreement at Ex.P151. It contains the terms regarding the regular supply of beheaded and gutted “Rani fish” and it is signed by the accused. This fact is not disput







































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