IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
S. VISHWAJITH SHETTY, J.
J.S. Nagaraj Since Deceased by his LRs. Smt. Aruna Nagaraj – Petitioner
Versus
Syed Idris S/o Shri Syed Abbas – Respondent
W.P. No. 38656 of 2016
Decided On : 13-12-2022
Article 227 - Specific Performance - Order XVIII Rule 3 CPC - [Order XVIII Rule 3 of CPC] - The court allowed the writ petition under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, challenging the order rejecting the application to lead rebuttal evidence. The court referred to Order XVIII Rule 3 of CPC, which allows a party to reserve the evidence as an answer to the evidence produced by the other party and lead rebuttal evidence after the other party has produced all his evidence. The court cited precedents to emphasize that the right to lead rebuttal evidence must be reserved before the other party commences its evidence and that the opportunity cannot be used to fill up the lacuna in the evidence of the party leading evidence first. The court concluded that the Trial Court was not justified in rejecting the applications to lead rebuttal evidence and allowed the writ petition, quashing the impugned order and directing the Trial Court to fix a time frame for the rebuttal evidence.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit seeking specific performance. After completing their evidence on some issues, they filed a memo reserving their right to lead rebuttal evidence. When the suit was posted for final arguments, they filed applications to re-open the case and lead rebuttal evidence, which were rejected by the Trial Court.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the plaintiffs had reserved the right to lead rebuttal evidence before the defendants commenced their evidence, and the Trial Court was not justified in rejecting the applications. The writ petition was allowed, and the impugned order was quashed, allowing the applications to lead rebuttal evidence.
Issues: The main issue was whether the plaintiffs were entitled to lead rebuttal evidence after reserving the right to do so before the defendants commenced their evidence.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that the right to lead rebuttal evidence must be reserved before the other party commences its evidence and that the opportunity cannot be used to fill up the lacuna in the evidence of the party leading evidence first.
Final Decision: The writ petition was allowed, the impugned order was quashed, and the Trial Court was directed to fix a time frame for the rebuttal evidence.
ORDER :
1. This writ petition under Article 227 of the Constitution of India is filed challenging the order dated 25.06.2016 passed by the Court of City Civil Judge, Bengaluru, in O.S. No. 4952/2007 rejecting I.A. Nos. 15 and 16 filed by the petitioners.
2. Heard the learned Counsel for the parties and also perused the material available on record.
3. Facts leading to filing of this petition narrated briefly are, petitioners had filed O.S. No. 4952/2007 before the Trial Court seeking the relief of specific performance. In the said suit, the contesting defendants had filed their written statement and opposed the suit claim. The Trial Court had framed as many as 13 issues in the said suit. Since the issues which were framed in the suit cast the burden on both the parties to the prove the same, after completion of plaintiffs evidence on several issues, the plaintiffs had filed a memo on 10.07.2012 reserving his right to lead rebuttal evidence under Order XVIII Rule 3 CPC after completion of defendants side evidence. The said memo was taken on record by the Trial Court. Thereafter, the defendants had completed their evidence and when the suit was posted for the purpose of arguments, I.A. Nos. 15 and 16 were filed by the plaintiffs to re-open the case and to permit the plaintiffs to lead rebuttal evidence. The said applications were opposed by the defendants by filing objections and the Trial Court vide the order impugned had dismissed the said applications and being aggrieved by the same, the plaintiffs are before this Court.
4. Learned Counsel for the petitioners submits that the plaintiffs had filed a memo reserving liberty to lead rebuttal evidence and after completion of defendants evidence, they have sought leave of the court to lead rebuttal evidence. However, the Trial Court without appreciating the same has erred in rejecting the said applications and an opportunity of putting forward their case has been denied to the plaintiffs. He submits that after the defendants have completed their evidence, the plaintiffs have a right to lead rebuttal evidence as provided under Order XVIII Rule 3 CPC, and therefore, the impugned order passed by the Trial Court is not sustainable. In support of his contentions, he has relied upon the judgment of this Court in the case of Smt. Doddabasamma vs. Smt. Neelamma, 2015 SCC Online Kar. 2976 and the judgment of Orissa High Court in the case of Prahallad Agarwalla vs. Bijay Shankar Chandgotia, 2009 SCC Online Ori. 326.
5. Per contra, learned Counsel for the contesting respondents submits that after the memo was filed on 10.07.2012, no orders have been passed by the Trial Court on the said memo, and therefore, the same has to be considered as not accepted by the Trial Court. He submits that voluminous evidence has been already led by the plaintiffs, and therefore, they are not entitled to lead rebuttal evidence as prayed for. He also submits that the application was not filed immediately after the completion of defendants evidence and the same was filed at the stage when the suit was posted for arguments, and therefore, the Trial Court was justified in dismissing the applications.
6. I have carefully considered the arguments addressed on both the sides and also perused the material available on record.
7. Order XVIII Rule 3 of CPC reads as under:
8. A reading of the aforesaid provision would make it clear that whene
Production of evidence – Requirement of Order XVIII Rule 3 of CPC would be treated to be sufficiently complied with if party leading evidence intimates Court before other party begins its evidence th....
A plaintiff cannot lead evidence in rebuttal as a matter of right on an issue the onus of which is on a defendant, and must reserve the right to do so when his evidence is closed.
The plaintiff cannot lead evidence in rebuttal as a matter of right on an issue the onus of which is on the defendant-respondent, and must reserve the right to do so.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the interpretation and application of Order 18 Rule 3 CPC in determining the scope of a party's right to lead rebuttal evidence.
A party in a civil suit has the right to lead rebuttal evidence on issues where the burden of proof lies on the opposing party, even if the party has the burden of proof on other issues.
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