IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
K. SOMASHEKAR, RAJESH RAI K., JJ
Manjunatha S/o Nagaraju – Appellant
Versus
State of Karnataka – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 1532 of 2018, Criminal Appeal No. 1550 of 2017
Decided On : 13-06-2023
Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 120B, 302, 201, 114 – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 313, 233, 154, 161, 162 - Indian Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 27, 3, 134 - Constitution of India, 1950 – Articles 21, 136 and 141 - Murder offence - Appeal against conviction - Appeals are directed against judgment of conviction and order of sentence rendered by Court – These are evidence let in on part of prosecution, but there is no specific evidence to prove guilt against accused - Para 21.
Finding of the Court: Through evidence of prosecution and has supported judgment of conviction and order of sentence rendered by Trial Court - Though he has supported judgment, evidence which finds place on record must be cogent, consistent and there must be sound and justifiable reason to convict accused - If doubt arises in mind of Court and mitigating circumstances arise, it must be accrued in favour of accused alone - Trial Court has misdirected and misread evidence on record and has convicted accused persons - Judgment of Trial Court calls for interference in these appeals - If same is not interfered, it would result in a miscarriage of justice – Court is of opinion that accused persons must be acquitted of alleged offences - Judgment of conviction and order of sentence rendered is hereby set-aside.
Result: Crl.A allowed.
JUDGMENT :
K. SOMASHEKAR, J
1. These appeals are directed against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence rendered by the Court of the III Addl. District & Sessions Judge, Bengaluru Rural District sitting at Anekal in S.C. No. 5021/2014 dated 28.08.2017.
2. By the said judgment, the Trial Court had convicted the appellant in Crl.A.No. 1532/2018/Manjunatha, S/o. Nagaraju who is arraigned as Accused No. 3 in S.C. No. 5021/2014 for offences punishable under Sections 120B, 302 and 201 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the IPC’, for brevity); he was sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life and to pay a fine of Rs.20,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 302 IPC, along with default clause; further, he was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 10 years and to pay a fine of Rs.15,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 201 IPC along with default clause; and he was further sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 7 years and to pay a fine of Rs.10,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 120B of the IPC along with default clause. All the sentences were ordered to run concurrently.
3. The Trial Court had convicted the appellant in Crl.A.No. 1550/2017/Mohan Kumar, S/o. late Venkatappa who is arraigned as Accused No. 1 in S.C. No. 5021/2014 for offences punishable under Sections 114, 120B, 302 and 201 of the IPC; he was sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life and to pay a fine of Rs.20,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 302 IPC, along with default clause; further, he was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 10 years and to pay a fine of Rs.15,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 201 IPC along with default clause; further he was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 7 years and to pay a fine of Rs.10,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 114 IPC along with default clause; and he was further sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 7 years and to pay a fine of Rs.10,000/-for the offence punishable under Section 120B of the IPC along with default clause. All the sentences were ordered to run concurrently.
4. The appellant in Crl.A.No. 1532/2018/Accused No. 3 and the appellant in Crl.A.No. 1550/2017/Accused No. 1 have preferred these appeals seeking to set aside the common judgment of conviction rendered by the Trial Court and consequently to acquit them for the alleged offences and to set them at liberty. However, Accused No. 2/Harisha @ Kunta has not chosen to prefer an appeal challenging the said common order in S.C. No. 5021/2014 dated 28.08.2017.
5. Since both these appeals arise out of a common judgment rendered by the Trial Court, they are taken up for hearing together and are disposed of by this common judgment.
6. Heard the learned Senior Counsel Shri C.V. Nagesh for Accused No. 1/appellant in Crl.A.No. 1550/2017 and so also the learned counsel Shri G.M. Srinivasareddy for Accused No. 3/appellant in Crl.A.No. 1532/2018 inclusive of the learned Addl. SPP for the State. Perused the impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence rendered by the Trial Court in the aforesaid case in S.C. No. 5021/2014.
7. Factual matrix of these appeals are as under:
Ediga Anamma vs. State of A.P. (1974) 4 SCC 443 : 1974 SCC (Cri) 479
Lalit Kumar Sharma and Others vs. Superintendent and Remembrancer
Laxmibai (Dead) through LRs. vs. Bhagwantbura (Dead) through LRs. AIR 2013 SC 1204
Navaneethakrishnan vs. State by Inspector of Police
S. Arul Raja vs. State of Tamil Nadu
Sahadevan and Another vs. State of Tamil Nadu
Sharad Birdhichand Sarda vs. State of Maharashtra
Reliance can be based on solitary statement of a witness if court comes to conclusion that said statement is true and correct version of case of prosecution.
In criminal cases based on circumstantial evidence, all circumstances must be proven beyond reasonable doubt to establish guilt, and inconsistencies in witness testimonies can lead to acquittal.
When other evidence are available, non-examination of witness is inconsequential.
The prosecution must establish a complete chain of circumstantial evidence to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt, which was not achieved in this case.
The prosecution must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt in criminal cases, especially when relying on circumstantial evidence, which requires stringent adherence to established evidentiary standards....
The main legal point established is the requirement for corroborative evidence to establish guilt, the limitations of the memorandum statement under Section 27 of the Evidence Act, and the inadmissib....
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