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2023 Supreme(Kar) 1174

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
G. Basavaraja, J.
The State of Karnataka – Appellant
Versus
Shivan – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 380 of 2016
Decided On : 06-11-2023

Advocates appeared:
Sri M.R. Patil, HCGP, for the Appellant; Sri Eugene Prabhu B, Advocate, for the Respondent.

The court established that the acquittal of co-accused in a related case necessitates a similar outcome for other accused charged under the same provisions, reinforcing the principle of parity in judicial decisions.

Headnote:

ACQUITTAL - Dacoity Charges - Sections 399, 402 of IPC - The court discussed the legal provisions under Sections 399 and 402 of the Indian Penal Code, which pertain to the preparation and attempt to commit dacoity. The court highlighted that the acquittal of co-accused (1 to 5) in a previous case was a significant factor in the decision to acquit accused No. 6. The court interpreted that the principle of parity in legal judgments necessitated the same outcome for similarly situated defendants, leading to the conclusion that the trial court's acquittal was justified and should not be disturbed.

Fact of the Case:

The State appealed against the acquittal of accused No. 6, who was charged under Sections 399 and 402 of the IPC for preparing to commit dacoity. The trial court acquitted him based on the prior acquittal of co-accused (1 to 5) in a related case.

Finding of the Court:

The court found no legal infirmity in the trial court's decision to acquit accused No. 6, as the acquittal of the other accused was a valid reason for the same outcome. The court upheld the trial court's reasoning and confirmed the acquittal.

Issues: 1. Whether the State has made out a ground to interfere with the trial court's acquittal of accused No. 6? 2. What order should be passed?

Ratio Decidendi: The principle of parity in legal judgments dictates that similarly situated defendants should receive similar treatment under the law, which justified the acquittal of accused No. 6 following the acquittal of his co-accused.

Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and the trial court's order of acquittal dated 03rd December, 2015 was confirmed.

JUDGMENT

1. This appeal is preferred by the State against the order dated 03rd December, 2015 passed in SC No.366 of 2015 by the Principal City Civil and Sessions Judge, Bengaluru City (for short hereinafter referred to as the "trial Court").

2. For the sake of convenience, the parties in this appeal are referred to with their status and rank before the trial Court.

3. Brief facts of the prosecution case is that on 15th February, 2014, on a credible information received by the complainant at about 7.45 pm that certain accused are making preparation for committing dacoity, the complainant and the staff attached to Srirampura Police Station rushed to the spot and found accused 1 to 6 have unlawfully assembled with deadly weapons like knife, iron rods, etc. at Sharada Samaja Road, Nagappa Block in Srirampura and were making preparation to commit dacoity and accordingly, they were arrested and deadly weapons were seized. After completing investigation, charge sheet was filed for the offence punishable under Sections 399 and 402 of the Indian Penal Code against accused 1 to 6. Since accused No.6 was not available to the trial Court, a separate CC No.19898 of 2014 was registered against him and after his arrest, he was committed to the Sessions Court in SC No.366 of 2015 and charges were framed under Sections 399 and 402 of the Indian Penal Code. The trial Court, by order dated 03rd December, 2015 was pleased to acquit the accused No.6 on the ground that similarly placed accused 1 to 5 have been acquitted on 16th March, 2015 in SC No.866 of 2014. Being aggrieved by the order of acquittal dated 03rd December, 2015 passed in SC No.366 of 2015, the State has preferred this appeal.

4. Sri M.R. Patil, learned High Court Government Pleader submits that impugned order passed by the trial Court acquitting the respondent/accused No.6 who is charged for the offence punishable under Section 399 and 402 of Indian Penal Code, is not legal and proper and same is not in accordance with law. He submits that the reasons assigned by the trial Court for acquitting the accused has resulted in miscarriage of justice and same deserves to be interfered with by this Court. On all these grounds he sought to allow the appeal.

5. Having heard the argument and on perusal of impugned judgment, the following points would arise for my consideration in this appeal:

1. Whether the appellant/State has made out a ground to interfere with the order impugned dated 03rd December, 2015 passed in SC No.366 of 2015?

2. What Order?

6. My answer to the above points are as under:

Point No.1: in the negative;

Point No.2: as per final order.

Regarding Point No.1:

I have carefully examined the impugned order dated 03rd December, 2015 passed by the trial Court. The certified copy of the order Sheet pertaining to SC No.366 of 2015 reveals that the charge sheet was submitted by the concerned police against accused 1 to 6 and a case, for offence punishable under Section 399 and 402 of Indian Penal Code, was registered in CC No.11904 of 2014 on the file of XXXVI ACMM, Bengaluru. It is not in dispute that since accused No.6 was absconding, a separate case was registered in SC No.366 of 2015. Accused 1 to 5 were committed to the Court of Sessions and case was registered in erstwhile Fasttrack Court, Bengaluru City in SC No.866 of 2014, in which the Sessions Court has acquitted the accused 1 to 5. Since the accused No.6 was absconding, separate case came to be registered in CC No.19898 of 2014 and after securing the presence of the said accused, he was committed to the Court of Sessions and a case was registered in SC No.366 of 2015. It is not in dispute that the accused 1 to 5 are already acquitted in SC No.866 of 2014 for commission of offence punishable under Sections 399 and 402 of Indian Penal Code. Learned High Court Government Pleader has fairly submitted that the State has not preferred any appeal against the judgment of acquittal against accused No.1 to 5. That on 03rd December, 2015, the

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