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2025 Supreme(Kar) 1786

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
S.R.KRISHNA KUMAR, J.
Joseph S/o Narayanappa – Appellant
Versus
State of Karnataka – Respondent
Criminal Petition No. 11128 of 2025
Decided On : 17-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Chandrappa K.N.
For the Respondent: M.R. Patil

The acquittal of co-accused necessitates the quashing of charges against similarly situated accused, reinforcing the doctrine of parity in criminal proceedings.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 399 and 402 - Quashing of proceedings - The petitioner, accused No.4, sought to quash proceedings under Sections 399 and 402, citing acquittal of co-accused leading to no evidence against him. The doctrine of parity justifies quashing the case based on the acquittal of others in related proceedings. (Paras 1-6)

(B) Accused’s Rights - Acquittal and Doctrine of Parity - The court held that the acquittal of co-accused necessitates the dismissal of charges against similarly situated co-accused. There being no additional evidence against the petitioner justifies the quashing of proceedings. (Paras 8-10)

(C) Judicial Economy - The court emphasized the futility of continuing proceedings without substantial evidence and indicated that identical charges across accused warrant similar outcomes. (Paras 10-11)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner was accused alongside others of preparing for dacoity under Sections 399 and 402 of IPC. Prior acquittals of others in a related case raised questions regarding the strength of the prosecution's case against the petitioner.

Findings of Court:
The petition was allowed, and the proceedings quashed due to lack of evidence and reliance on the doctrine of parity from co-accused acquittals.

Issues: The court addressed whether acquittal of co-accused impacts the ongoing trial against the petitioner and the sufficiency of evidence against him.

Ratio Decidendi: The ruling establishes that acquittal of co-accused directly affects the proceedings for similarly implicated accused, strengthening the foundation for quashing ongoing cases in the absence of new evidence.

Result: Proceedings quashed against the petitioner.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's relief request. (Para 1)
2. material overview of case facts. (Para 2 , 3)
3. reference to prior acquittals. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)

ORDER :

1. In this petition, the petitioner seeks the following reliefs:

"c. Quash the entire proceedings in matter bearing C.C.No.59464/2018, Of K.R. Puram Police Station pending on the file of the Hon'ble XXIX Additional Chief judicial Magistrate at Bangalore city Mayohall as against the petitioner herein; wherein, the arraigned as accused No.4 for the alleged offences under section 399 & 402 of Indian Penal code.

d. Pass any such order/s as may be just and necessary in the best interest of justice."

2. Heard the learned counsel for the petitioner, learned HCGP for respondent No.1 and perused the material on record. For the order proposed, notice to respondent No.2 is dispensed with.

3. A perusal of the material on record will indicate that the petitioner along with 7 others, is arraigned as accused Nos.1 to 8 in the impugned proceedings in S.C.No.48/2019 instituted by respondent No.1 pursuant to the complaint given by respondent No.2 for offences punishable under Sections 399 and 402 of the IPC .

4. Accused Nos. 2 and 3 - Naveen Kumar and Kiran Kumar approached this Court in Crl.P.No.9107/2025, which was allowed and disposed of vide final order dated 25.07.2025 quashing the impugned proceedings qua the said petitioners - Naveen Kumar and Kiran Kumar, accused Nos.2 and 3, by holding as under:

"1. In this petition, petitioners seek the following reliefs:-

“a. Quash the entire proceedings in matter bearing C.C.No.59464/2018 of K.R. Puram Police Station pending on the file of the Hon'ble XXIX Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate at Bangalore City Mayohall as against the petitioners herein; wherein, the petitioners herein are arraigned as accused Nos.2 & 3 for the alleged offences under Sections 399 & 402 of Indian Penal code.

b. Pass any such order/s as may be just and necessary in the best interest of justice.”

2. Heard learned counsel for the petitioners and learned HCGP for the 1st respondent and perused the material on record. For the order proposed, notice to 2nd respondent is dispensed with.

3. A perusal of the material on record will indicate that the petitioners were arraigned as accused No.2 and accused No.3 respectively along with 6 others, who were arraigned as accused Nos.1 and 4 to 8 in S.C.No.48/2019 pursuant to FIR in Crime No.587/2014. The offences alleged against the petitioner and other accused are punishable under Sections 399 and 402 of IPC .

4. In this context, learned counsel for the petitioner invited my attention to the judgment dated 06.12.2019 passed by the Sessions court in S.C.No.48/2019 as against accused No.1, in order to point out that in view of the acquittal of the aforesaid accused, the petitioners who are accused Nos. 2 and 3 respectively prior to the same being split up and numbered as C.C.No.59464/2018 arising out of the very same Crime No.587/2014, would be entitled to seek parity as held by this Court in the case of Mohan Vs. State of Karnataka and Another, Crl. Pet. No. 5376/2024 dated 19.09.2024, in which it was held that acquittal of co- accused by the Sessions Court would enure to the benefit of the petitioners as under:

“The petitioner - accused No.6 is knocking at the doors of this Court in the subject petition calling in question a split charge sheet drawn against him in S.C.No.96/2022 registered for offences punishable under Sections 399 and 402 of the IPC .

2. Heard Sri. Lakshmikanth K., learned counsel appearing for the petitioner and Smt. Sowmya R., learned HCGP appearing for the respondents.

3. Facts in brief, germane, are as follows:

On the night of 14.02.2015, an alleged incident leads the petitioner along with others for registration of a crime for offences punishable under Sections 399 and 402 of the IPC in Crime No.306/2015. The petitioner is arrayed as accused No.6. The police after investigation file a charge sheet in the sa

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