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2025 Supreme(Kar) 1665

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
RAMACHANDRA D. HUDDAR, J.
Sinchana V., D/o Vishveshwaraiah – Appellant 
Versus 
Shreyash P.P., S/O P.T. Ponnappa - Respondent 
Miscellaneous First Appeal No. 1907 of 2020 (MV-I)
Decided on : 04-08-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :SRI. SRINIVAS V, ADVOCATE
For the Respondent:SMT. KUSHI, ADVOCATE FOR SRI. RAVISH BENNI, ADVOCATE

Contributory negligence may not apply to minor victims lacking a driving license; primary liability rests with the reckless driver, justifying enhanced compensation.

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Contributory Negligence - The appeal arises from a claim for compensation made by a minor following an accident involving a negligent driver. The Tribunal initially assessed compensation at Rs.3,37,175 but allowed a 25% reduction for contributory negligence due to lack of a driving license. The court ruled that the petitioner suffered injuries that severely impacted her life and education, awarding enhanced compensation owing to the negligence of the other driver who took full responsibility, concluding a total of Rs.6,73,000 with interest of 6% from the filing date. (Paras 2, 31, 32)

(B) Negligence - The courts clarified that a victim without a valid driving license, under certain conditions, should not have contributory negligence attributed to them, affirming prior judgments. (Paras 16, 30)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, a 17-year-old girl, was struck by a car driven recklessly, resulting in severe injuries that interrupted her education and life. The Tribunal awarded initial compensation that was deemed insufficient.

Findings of Court:
The petitioner was awarded a total of Rs.6,73,000 after the appeal, reflecting her injuries' impact on her quality of life and future prospects.

Issues: The primary issues included assessing contributory negligence and determining adequate compensation in light of the injuries sustained.

Ratio Decidendi: The ruling highlighted that the contributory negligence standard must account for the victim's minor status and lack of a driving license, emphasizing the driver's liability.

Result: The appeal was allowed in part, enhancing compensation to Rs.6,73,000.

Table of Content
1. accident overview and initial claims (Para 1 , 2)
2. defendant's objections to claims (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. evidence evaluation and tribunal proceedings (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
4. arguments related to compensation and liability (Para 11 , 12 , 14)
5. assessment of negligence and liability (Para 16 , 17)
6. injury assessment and medical expenses (Para 18 , 19)
7. compensation for pain, medical expenses, and nourishment (Para 20 , 21 , 22)
8. compensation adjustments for disability and income loss (Para 23 , 24 , 25)
9. future medical expenses and related compensation (Para 26 , 27 , 28)
10. final total compensation calculation (Para 29 , 30 , 31)
11. court's final order and liability determination (Para 32)

JUDGMENT :

RAMACHANDRA D. HUDDAR, J.

The petitioner/appellant has preferred this appeal being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the judgment and award dated 27.09.2019 passed in MVC.No.1246/2018 by the III Additional District Judge and MACT, Mysuru.

2. The present petitioner/appellant has filed claim petition claiming compensation through her natural guardian-mother as she was minor at the time of filing the petition, claiming compensation of Rs.35,00,000/- on all the relevant heads. According to claimant, on 04.05.2018, she was proceeding on her Honda Deo Scooter bearing Reg. No.KA-11-EH-7809 from Sadvidya Residential School, Vijayanagar, Mysuru, towards her house at Bogadi in Mysuru and when she was moving on the left side of the road at about 3.50 p.m., on Hunsuru-Mysuru double road, a Maruthi Wagon-R Car bearing Reg.No.KA-12-N-4435 being driven by its driver in a high speed and rash and negligent manner, came and dashed against her scooter and because of this impact, she sustained grievous injuries. Immediately thereafter, she was shifted to Aishwarya Hospital, Vijayanagar and she underwent treatment in the said Hospital as inpatient, so also underwent surgery. She was discharged on 13.05.2018.

-3. It is the further case of the petitioner/appellant that prior to the accident, she was hale and healthy and was pursuing her 1st year PUC. In addition to that, she was doing part time job and maintaining her family. Because of the accidental injuries sustained by her, she discontinued her studies and now she is unable to perform day to day activities as she used to perform prior to the accident. As the said accident is being caused due to rash and negligent driving by the driver of the Maruthi Wagon-R Car, all the respondents are liable to pay compensation to her.

4. Before the Tribunal, both respondent Nos.1 to 3 appeared and filed their respective objections and denied the entire averments stated in the claim petition and there is denial with regard to the age, income and occupation of the petitioner/appellant and so also to the treatment taken by the petitioner/appellant in the Hospital.

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5. It is contended that respondent No.1 is the driver of the vehicle and respondent No.2 is the owner of the said vehicle. It is further contended that the compensation claimed by the petitioner/appellant is highly expensive.

6. Respondent No.3 by filing detailed objection denied the entire assertions made in the petition.

7. It is contended that the said accident has taken place due to the sole negligence on the part of the petitioner/appellant. It is further contended that even the driver of the Maruthi Wagon-R Car has also not produced his driving license. Therefore, respondent No.3-Insurance Company is not liable to pay the compensation.

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8. Based upon the rival pleadings, the learned Tribunal framed six issues.

9. Before the Tribunal, to substantiate and prove the case of the petitioner/appellant, since the petitioner/appellant was minor at the time of the accident and she got examined her mother-Smt.K.V.Latha as PW1 and further got examined two witnesses, namely, Dr.Mohan K as PW.2 and Sri.N.Tyagaraju as PW.3 and got marked 18 documents as per Ex.P1 to Ex.P18 and closed the petitioner's/appellant's evidence. To rebut the evidence of the petition

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