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2025 Supreme(Kar) 2040

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
M.G.UMA, J.
Daivajna Credit Cooperative Society Ltd. – Appellant
Versus
The Joint Registrar of Cooperative Societies – Respondent
Writ Petition No. 9178 of 2021
Decided On : 08-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Venugopal M.S.
For the Respondents: S.B. Mukkannappa, Chandini S

Misconduct involving the misuse of authority and breach of trust warrants dismissal from service, upheld despite procedural challenges.

Headnote:(A) Karnataka Cooperative Societies Act - Section 70 - Misconduct by employee - Respondent, while serving as Secretary, availed gold loans exceeding prescribed limits in his name and that of subordinates - Found to have pledged substandard gold articles - Writ petition filed to quash reinstatement order, which was passed on technicalities rather than merits - Dismissal order of respondent upheld. (Paras 1, 40, 46, 48)

(B) Misconduct - Definition and implications - Misconduct involves abuse of position and authority, particularly when it compromises the integrity of the institution - Respondent’s actions were categorized as seriously detrimental to the Society, warranting dismissal. (Paras 19, 27, 34)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner is a Credit Co-operative Society seeking to quash reinstatement of its Secretary who misused his authority to obtain unauthorized gold loans totaling Rs.9,65,000/-, improperly using the names of subordinate employees. (Paras 1, 26)

Findings of Court:
The court found that the employee’s actions were misconduct, confirming dismissal and ordering repayment of the outstanding loans. (Paras 42, 48)

Issues: The central issues included the legality of the dismissal, procedural fairness in the enquiry, and the validity of accusations against the respondent regarding misconduct. (Paras 11, 16, 44)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that misconduct justified dismissal, affirming that principles of natural justice were upheld during the enquiry, and that technical grounds should not override substantive justice. (Paras 41, 48)

Result: Writ petition allowed; reinstatement order set aside; dismissal order upheld, with respondent liable for loan repayment.

Judgement Key Points

The legal document pertains to a writ petition filed by Daivajna Credit Cooperative Society Ltd. challenging orders passed by the Joint Registrar of Cooperative Societies and the Karnataka Appellate Tribunal. The core issues involve the misconduct of respondent No.2, who served as Secretary and CEO of the Society, and the legality of disciplinary proceedings and orders of reinstatement.

Key Points:

  1. The respondent, respondent No.2, admitted to availing gold loans in his own name exceeding the permissible limit and in the names of subordinate staff by pledging low-quality or spurious gold articles, which was confirmed through valuation reports (!) (!) (!) .

  2. The Society conducted a departmental enquiry, during which respondent No.2 participated and did not dispute the findings or the manner of enquiry, merely requesting that his reply be considered as his response to the enquiry report (!) (!) .

  3. The enquiry officer found multiple charges proved, leading to the Society dismissing respondent No.2 from service, a decision supported by the Board of Directors and the Society’s resolution (!) (!) .

  4. Respondent No.2 challenged the disciplinary order under Section 70 of the relevant Cooperative Societies Act, and the dispute was initially decided in his favor by the Joint Registrar, who set aside the dismissal on technical grounds, and the Karnataka Appellate Tribunal confirmed this order, reinstating him with back wages and benefits (!) (!) (!) .

  5. The petitioner Society contended that the orders of the Registrar and the Tribunal were based on incorrect facts, such as the false claim that approved valuers were not examined, and that the order was passed without proper consideration of the evidence and principles of natural justice (!) (!) .

  6. The Court observed that respondent No.2, being a senior employee aware of the Rules, failed to raise objections at appropriate stages and participated in proceedings without contesting the enquiry findings, which indicated his acceptance of the misconduct (!) (!) .

  7. The Court found the orders passed by the Joint Registrar and the Appellate Tribunal to be unsustainable, primarily because they overlooked the evidence of misconduct, the respondent’s admission, and procedural irregularities, and thus set aside these orders (!) (!) .

  8. The Court upheld the Society’s order of dismissal, emphasizing respondent No.2's liability to repay the outstanding loan amount with interest, and directed that the Society is entitled to recover this amount from him (!) (!) .

  9. The Court also noted that respondent No.2’s defense regarding the Board’s approval and the alleged lack of prejudice was not substantiated, and his participation in the proceedings without raising objections was deemed an acceptance of the process and findings (!) (!) .

  10. In conclusion, the Court allowed the writ petition, set aside the orders of reinstatement, and upheld the dismissal order, affirming respondent No.2’s liability to settle the dues owed to the Society (!) (!) (!) .

This summary reflects the Court’s reasoning that procedural irregularities and respondent No.2’s conduct during the enquiry and dispute proceedings do not warrant overturning the Society’s disciplinary action, especially given the clear evidence of misconduct.


Table of Content
1. petitioner's request for quashing orders. (Para 1 , 2)
2. misconduct and misuse of authority by respondent no.2. (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
3. admission of wrongdoing by the respondent. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
4. enquiry proceedings against respondent no.2. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
5. petitioner's arguments against the decisions of the lower authorities. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
6. lack of proper representation by respondent no.2. (Para 16 , 17 , 18)
7. argument of potential remand for fresh enquiry. (Para 20 , 21)
8. deficiencies in the enquiry noted. (Para 22 , 23 , 24)
9. legal observations regarding respondent no.2's authority. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)
10. improper claims made by respondent no.2's associates. (Para 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
11. court's findings on accusations. (Para 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39)
12. finality of the enquiry process. (Para 40 , 41 , 42 , 43)
13. final court decision based on substantiated evidence. (Para 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48)

ORDER :

1. The petitioner being the Daivajna Credit Co-operative Society Ltd. represented by its President and Secretary, is seeking issuance of Writ in the nature of Certiorari, to quash the order dated 05.05.2018 passed by respondent No.1-the Joint Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Bengaluru, produced as per Annexure-T, the order dated 27.05.2020 passed by the Karnataka Appellate Tribunal (for short, 'the KAT') in Appeal No.136/2018 produced as per Annexure-V and to direct respondent No.2 to pay a sum of Rs.29,60,954/- in respect of 5 gold loans as detailed in Annexure-F or in the alternative to remand the matter to respondent No.1 for adjudication of the charges on merits afresh.

2. Facts of the case in brief are that, the petitioner is a Credit Co-operative Society registered under the Provisions of Karnataka Cooperative Societies Act (for short, 'the KCS Act'). Respondent No.2 joined the service with the petitioner's society as temporary Secretary on 07.04.1992 and his services was regularized with effect from 01.09.1992. The petitioner's Society got its service Rules approved by respondent No.1 on 21.02.2012. Respondent No.2 being the employee of the Society is bound by such Service Rules.

3. It is contended that respondent No.2 was having an account with the petitioner's Society in between 2009 to 2013 and heavy remittance from the account of respondent No.2 was noticed. It shows that he is carrying on other activities even while working as Secretary in the petitioner's Society. He was also indulged in availing gold loans very frequently. On enquiry, it was found that he had availed a gold loan on 12.06.2013. The Board of Directors decided to revalue the gold jewelleries pledged for the purpose. Accordingly, such gold articles were re-valued on 19.06.2013 in the presence of respondent No.2 by the approved valuers. The office bearers of the petitioner's Society were also present and 5 gold loans pertaining to respondent No.2 and his subordinate staff were found to be by pledging spurious / low quality / substandard jewelleries containing only 60% of gold as estimated by the approved valuers. It was also found that the gold loan in the name of one Sri. Anantha Padmanabha, bearing No.728 was obtained, who is none other than the attender working under respondent Nos.2 and 3. The other subordinate staff working under respondent No.2 have also availed gold loans.

4. It is stated that the gold loans obtained by respondent No.2 and his subordinate staffs were over and above the limit prescribed under Clause 11.8.1 of Service Rules, which prescribes the limit of only Rs.50,000/- per employee. Therefore, the borrowers were directed to repay the loan amount and close the loan accounts. Three of the employees gave their reply that it was respondent No.2 as Secretary of the petitioner's Society had taken 3 gold loans in their respective names and their entire loan amount was received by respondent No.2. They also stated that the articles pledged for obtaining loan does not belong to them and in

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