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2005 Supreme(Bom) 1094

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
INDIAN AIRLINES LTD
Versus
PRAKASH R. PARAB
Decided on : August 23, 2005

Headnote:Domestic enquiry - Issuance of charge-sheet - Purpose of - Mere non-signing of the charge-sheet by itself cannot ipso facto be held to vitiate the entire enquiry. - The purpose and purport of issuing a charge-sheet is to enable the delinquent workman to know the charges levelled against him and also to find out whether those charges are misconduct in terms of his service conditions or the standing orders applicable to the workman. The charge-sheet therefore is only to make known to the workman the charges which the employer proposes to prove against the workman in the domestic enquiry. Issuance of a charge-sheet is not a penalty. It is but a procedural step in the course of a domestic enquiry. Therefore, mere non-signing of the charge-sheet by itself cannot ipso facto be held to vitiate the entire enquiry, if on evidence it is established that the workman was aware of the charges, an enquiry was held, evidence was led, workman participated in the enquiry and the Enquiry Officer based on the evidence led has recorded his findings. Issuance of the charge-sheet is material before commencement of the enquiry. If no charge-sheet is served then the enquiry would be vitiated as that enquiry can be set aside on the ground that it was without communicating to the workman what he was supposed to defend. This is a case of defect in communicating the charge-sheet, without the signature of the competent authority issuing the chargesheet. The respondent-workman acknowledged the receipt of the charge-sheet by signing the office copy. The Enquiry Officer has specifically put a question to him as to whether he had understood the contents of the charge-sheet and required further explanation? The workman answered the same by stating that he had understood it. The workman thereafter participated in the enquiry and led his evidence. He was also given an opportunity to have his say as to why the punishment imposed should not be imposed. It is in these circumstances that the proper test which has to be applied is to see whether any prejudice is caused to the workman by the non-signing of the charge-sheet. Tribunal proceeded on the footing that as the memorandum of charge-sheet is not signed the entire enquiry proceeding is vitiated. The order of the Tribunal discloses an error of law apparent on the face of the record.

       Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - Sections 10 and 33(2)(b) - National Industrial Tribunal in an application under Section 33(2)(b) held that the enquiry was fair and in reference under Section 10 held that it was vitiated on account of non-signing of the charge-sheet by the competent authority - Held, it was not open or within the jurisdiction of the Tribunal to answer the same issue raised in earlier proceedings between the same parties differently as it would be bound by principle of issue estoppel.

x( 1 ) THE petitioner employee, by the present petition has challenged the Award Part 1, dated 28th May, 2002. By that award, the learned Central Government Industrial Tribunal has recorded a finding vide order dated 24-11-1994, holding that the enquiry against the workman was vitiated, and consequently giving an opportunity to the employer to prove the charge of misconduct at an independent enquiry before the Tribunal.

( 2 ) A few facts may now be noted. The respondent-workman joined the services of the petitioner-company as an Engineering Helper on 11-3-1979. On 29-4-2002 the respondent was assigned to duties at Goa flight and Calcutta flight for pushing the baggage containers. On 10-5-1992 the respondent was arrested by the police, pursuant to the complaint received from one Mr. S. M. Jariwala a passenger on the flight operated by petitioner company, for committing theft of an amount of Rs. 25,000/- from his baggage. Pursuant to that a charge-sheet was served on the respondent which is dated 18/26-8-1992. The charge-sheet was received by the petitioner on 21st September, 1992. An Enquiry Officer was appointed who commenced the enquiry on 13-4-1993. In the course of the enquiry the Enquiry Officer put a question to respondent as to whether he had understood the contents of the charge-sheet. In answer to the query the workman stated that he has read and understood the contents of the charge-sheet. When he was asked whether the same needs to be explained to him, the answer recorded was that it was not necessary. The workman pleaded not guilty of the misconduct alleged. On 18-5-1993 the respondent raised an objection that the charge-sheet was not signed by the competent authority. After following due procedure, including issuing the show cause notice to the respondent by order dated 24-11-1994 the Competent Authority of the petitioner-company imposed the punishment of dismissal on the respondent having been found guilty of the charges levied against him. An application was simultaneously moved under section 33 (2) (b) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 before the National industrial Tribunal seeking approval of the action taken. The approval was granted on 9th May, 1999 holding that the action taken by the petitioner company in dismissing the respondent was proper. Dispute then were taken in conciliation. A reference was made to the National Tribunal in the matter of the industrial dispute, of dismissal. A preliminary issue was framed as to the validity of the enquiry. The Learned Tribunal by its order dated 28th May, 2002 was pleased to hold, as stated earlier, that the enquiry conducted was not fair and proper and is vitiated and accordingly directed the petitioner to lead evidence de novo before it.

( 3 ) AT the hearing of this petition on behalf of the petitioner the learned counsel has urged the following two issues : (a) Whether the issuance of the charge-sheet, without being signed,vitiates the disciplinary proceedings? (b) Whether the learned Tribunal could have proceeded to consider that the evidence of MW 5 Darshan, even though the said witness was not available for cross-examination. On behalf of the respondent learned counsel contends that once the charge-sheet is not signed by the competent officer all proceedings based on the said chargesheet are a nullity at law and consequently the learned Tribunal was right in so holding. It is further submitted that the learned Tribunal has made a reference to the evidence recorded of MW 5 which can be clearly seen from the findings of the Enquiry Officer and as such also the learned Tribunal was right in setting aside the enquiry on that ground. It may be mentioned that the same Tribunal had earlier adjudicated the application by the petitioner for approval of the action in imposing the punishment of dismissal against the respondent. The very contention now raised viz. , that the charge-sheet was not signed and consequently the enquiry was vitiated was also an issue before





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