Judgment

GAJDENDRAGADKAR, J. : (who delivered the judgment on his behalf and on behalf of Sinha, J.) These three appeals arise out of an industrial dispute between the Punjab National Bank, Ltd., (hereinafter called the Bank) and two sets of its employees represented by the All-India Punjab National Bank Employees Federation (hereinafter called the Federation) and the U. P. Bank Employees Union (hereinafter called the Union) respectively. On July 2, 1951, this dispute was referred by the Central Government for adjudication to the industrial tribunal of which Mr. A. N. Sen, a retired Judge of the Calcutta High Court, was the sole member. It raised two issues. The first was whether the 150 workmen mentioned in Sch. II attached to the reference had been wrongfully dismissed by the Bank, and the second had reference to the claim for reinstatement and payment of wages and allowances from the date of dismissal to the date of reinstatement. The reference thus made has gone through a long and protracted career and the final decision of the dispute would be reached after we dispose of the present appeals. In order to appreciate the points raised for our decision in these appeals it is necess