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2006 Supreme(Bom) 1918

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
(A. S. Bagga and S. P. Kukday, JJ.)
GAHININATH s/o JAGANNATH SHIRSATH and others - Appellants.
Versus
STATE OF MAHARASHTRA- Respondent
Cri. Appeal No. 545 of 2004
Decided on 24-11-2006. (Aurangabad)

Advocate Appeared
For appellants: N. N. Chitlange holding for S. B. Talekar
For respondent-State: Pramod Patel, APP

Headnote:Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 3 - Appreciation of evidence - Accused sustained injuries - Injuries not explained - Failure of prosecution - Entire evidence of a witness cannot be discarded - Dilemma to be resolved treating non-explanation of injuries as one of circumstances. - The Court has to consider whether the omission to give an explanation, makes the entire prosecution story unreliable or raises a suspicion regarding credibility of the evidence of the prosecution witnesses. No universal rule that the entire evidence of a witness should be discarded for failure of the prosecution to explain injuries suffered by the accused, can be evolved, in all cases of non- explanation of the injuries. The question of credibility of the evidence would depend upon its quality and reliability. The dilemma has to be resolved by considering all the attending circumstances, treating the non-explanation of the injuries as one of the circumstances and by appreciating the evidence of the prosecution witnesses in proper perspective.

       Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 3 - Appreciation of evidence - Omission to offer an explanation - Inference can be drawn that relevant details concerning incident suppressed - Suppression of genesis of incident - True version of incident - Reliability of prosecution witness affected. - There can be no dispute regarding the proposition that omission to offer an explanation may lead to an inference that relevant details concerning the incident are suppressed. Suppression of the genesis of the occurrence and true version of the incident does affect reliability of the prosecution witnesses.

       Penal Code, 1860 - Section 149 - Scope and applicability of - Common object - Prosecution required to establish unlawful assembly - Five or more members forming unlawful assembly with one of objects mentioned in Section 141 of IPC - Accused shared said common object - once proved - Vicarious liability arises - Even in absence of overt act on part of accused. - For the applicability of Section 149 the prosecution is required to affirmatively establish that five or more persons formed an unlawful assembly with one of the objects mentioned in Section 141 and that the accused shared said common object. Once this is proved the vicarious liability arises irrespective of the absence of overt act on the part of the accused.

JUDGMENT

S. P. KUKDA Y, J. :- Appellants and accused Nos. 1, 2, 7 and 9 were prosecuted for commission of offence punishable under sections 147, 148, 324, 307, 504, 506 read with section 149 of the Indian Penal Code (for short the "IPC"). Accused Nos. 1, 2, 7 and 9 are acquitted of all the offences charged against them. Appellants are acquitted of the offences punishable under sections 504 and 506 read with section 149 of the Indian Penal Code. They are, however, convicted for the offence punishable under sections 147, 148,324,307 read with section 149 of the Indian Penal Code and are sentenced to suffer R.I. for one year. each and fine of Rs. 100 each for the first, second and third offence and R.I. for five years each and fine of Rs. 1000/- each for the fourth offence. Substantive sentences are directed to run concurrently. The appellants have impugned this order of conviction and sentence in the present appeal.

2. Relevant facts, in nutshell, are that appellants and first informant-Arjun Maroti Shirsath (PW 1) are distant relatives. They are natives of village Takli Manur, Taluka Pathardi, District Ahmednagar. Land from the village was acquired for Ghatsil Pargaon Irrigation Project and villagers were rehabilitated at new settlement (Ambikanagar) near the old village. As the water of the Irrigation Project did not enter the village, the owners retained possession of their properties. Brothers of PW 1 Buvasaheb and Babasaheb (PW 2) are separately residing at Ambikanagar. PW 1 was serving in the Military. After retirement, he returned to the village and started living at his farm. He also opened a stationery shop at the village. Appellant No.1 Gahininath and appellant No.3 are sons of deceased J agannath. They reside at the village. Maroti, father of PW 1, owned open plot by the side of their house. This plot was sold by Maroti to Babasaheb Dhakne some 20 years back. Subsequently, the plot was purchased by the deceased from Babasaheb Dhakne about 12 years back. There was a dispute between PW 1 and deceased Jagannath in respect of this open plot. PW 1 has filed Civil Suit No. 291/2002 in the Court of Civil Judge Junior Division, Pathardi, against the deceased. The Court has passed an order for interim injunction against defendants in this suit. On 30-7-2002 there was a fair at the village. At about 3.00 p.m. Rangnath (appellant No.3), Gahininath (appellant No. 1), Ankush (appellant No.5), Bhima (accused No.7) and Rajendra (accused No.9) obstructed PW 1 near village Karodi, while he was returning from Pathardi. They threatened PW 1 with dire consequences if he did not withdraw the Civil Suit. To avert the assault, PW 1 told them that the dispute should be settled at the village and went to his shop at the village.

3. PW 1, then, came to his shop at about 4.00 p.m. while he was opening the shop, deceased, appellant Nos. 2 to 4 asked him to come to them before opening the shop. Sensing trouble, PW 1 accosted his brother PW 2 who was at the market. By that time, appellant Nos. 1, 3, 5 and accused Nos. 1, 2, 7 and 9 joined the deceased. As the assailants outnumbered him and his brother, PW 1 started running towards Ambikanagar. The assailants were chasing him. Appellant No.3 was carrying gupti, appellant No. 1 was wielding iron rod and accused No.9 was armed with sword. When he reached pipal tree ata distance of about 100 ft. from the shop, PW 2 asked him to stop running. When he stopped, appellant No. 1 inflicted blow on his head with iron rod. PW 1 fell down under the impact of the blow. PW 2 tried to reason with the assailants asking them not to assault PW 1 and went to the rescue of his brother. Appellant No.1 dealt blow on the stomach of PW 2 with gupti. At this moment, PW 2 snatched iron rod from the hands of appellant No. 1 and started waving it. The deceased who tried to assault PW 1, was struck at the back of the head above the ear and on the forehead. As the deceased was drunk, he could not control himself and fell on hea
























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