2004 Supreme(Bom) 1357
Bombay High Court
V.C.DAGA
Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran - Appellant
Versus
Lark Construction P.Ltd. - Respondent
Decided On : 09/30/2004
Subject
Civil Law - Injunctions
Act Referred
Headnote
Some times, interim orders are necessary to protect the interest of the parties till rights of parties are adjudicated upon. The Courts can grant interim injunction in exercise of inherent powers under Section 151 of the CPC if no specific provision under the Code or Act is available. However, while granting such interim order it should always be borne in mind that it is granted in the aid of final relief. If final relief is not available to the person seeking interim relief can be granted in his favour.
Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Order 39, Rules 1 and 2 - Interim injunction - Grant of - To maintain status quo recisiling at time of institution of proceedings - Cannot be granted by way of final relief at interlocutory stage - In respect of relief not claimed in main suit - No injunction can be granted where simple recovery of money involved. - Having heard rival parties, it is needless to mention that interim injunction is issued to maintain status quo existing at the time of institution of the proceeding. The real point which has to be decided, when an application for stay or for temporary injunction is made, whether the subject matter of the suit needs to be preserved. Interim injunction is not to be granted by way of final relief at the interlocutory stage. In respect of relief not claimed in the main suit, no temporary injunction can be granted. The purpose of Order 39 is to preserve and protect the interest in the property in suit and to protect the interest of the parties by preserving certain properties till final disposal of the case. It may be suit property, it may be a property which might form part of the security for repayment of a loan or a property on which a charge has been created. No injunction can be granted under Order 39, Rules 1 and 2 where simple recovery of money is involved.
Civil Procedure Code, 1908 -Order 39, Rules 1 and 2, Section 151 - Grant of interim relief. - Grant of interim injunction by trial Court, cannot be said to be in aid of final relief. - The injunction was granted with respect to the claim relating to the alleged work carried out at Chandrapur Mangaon Division. The claim in the suit has nothing to do with the said contracts. In the circumstances, interim relief granted by the trial Court cannot be said to be in the aid of final relief. In the suit what is being prayed for is recovery of Rs. 98,42,283/- and permanent injunction restraining defendant Nos. 1 to 3 from demanding extension of bank guarantee from the plaintiff. The prayer for interim relief does not have any connection with the suit claim. Claim for interim relief cannot be said to be relief in aid of final relief. The trial Court had adopted novel method of granting final relief while granting interim relief. Para 3 of the operative part of the impugned order directs the defendant Nos. 1 and 2 appellants herein to release amount which is nothing but in the nature of money decree at the interim stage of the suit. It is beyond comprehension that when suit is still pending for trial, the trial Court, at this stage of the suit, could grant such interim injunction to release part of the money claim involved in the suit. The impugned order, therefore, is nothing but an abuse of process of the Court by the Judge of the trial Court himself. In the circumstances, impugned order is unsustainable. AIR 1983 SC 1272 - Relied.
Smt. Neeta Karnik, for Appellants; P.S. Dani with Ms. Gauri Godse, for Respondent.
Factual Backgrounds :
2. The factual backgrounds giving rise to the present appeal reveals that the respondent No. 1 is the original plaintiff, whereas appellants are defendant Nos. 1 and 2. The respondent No. 2 is the State of Maharashtra, represented by the Collector, Raigad and Principal Secretary, Water Supply and Sanitation, Mantralaya, Mumbai.
3. The plaintiff filed a suit for recovery of Rs. 98,42,283/- alleged to be the amount due and recoverable from the original defendants on account of work of providing, manufacturing and erecting Godbole Type Automatic Gates to strengthen Dehrung-Dam, Panvel Water Supply Scheme Stage IIIA, at Panvel, District Raigad. According to the plaintiff, the said work was awarded to it as per work order dated 3-12-1998. The said work was to be completed within a period of 18 months expiring with 2-6-2000. The plaintiff claims it has executed part of the work, rest of the work could not be executed due to non-cooperative attitude of the original defendant Nos. 1 and 2, the appellants herein. The plaintiff has, thus, set up money claim against them by way of suit in question.
3. An application for interim injunction (Ex. 39) during the pendency of the suit came to be moved alleging that the plaintiff is also having a contract for work at Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran, Chandrapur Division and on account of this contract the plaintiff has to recover Rs. 25 lacs (approx.). The plaintiff in the said application has admitted the claim recoverable on account of Chandrapur Division is totally different from the suit claim.
4. The plaintiff apprehended deduction to the tune of Rs. 14.36 lacs from the amount due and payable to the plaintiff. The plaintiff, therefore, moved an application for interim injunction to restrain defendant Nos. 1 and 2 from recovering any amount on account of alleged claim from the amounts payable to the plaintiff under different contracts.
5. On being summoned, the defendants appeared and filed reply to the said application seeking temporary injunction contending that the contract given to the contractor viz. the plaintiff for Dehrang-Dam at Panvel is altogether different and it has nothing to do with the contracts awarded to the plaintiff at Chandrapur Division and/or Mangaon Division. Defendants further contended that the suit in question has no inter se connection with the works at Chandrapur and/or Mangaon Division and that the interim order in the nature of money decree cannot be passed at the interim stage of the suit.
6. The aforesaid submissions did not find favour with the trial Court. The trial Court, vide its order dated 17-7-2004 granted interim injunction in terms referred to in the opening part of this judgment. This order is the subject-matter of challenge in the present appeal from order.
Submissions :
7. Ms. Neeta Karnik learned counsel appearing for the original defendant Nos. 1 and 2 appellants and Shri Dani learned counsel appearing for the original plaintiff canvassed their rival submissions at length.
8. Ms. Karnik submitted that application for injunction under O. 39, Rr. 1 and 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure, could not have been entertained by the trial Court. In her submission, the amount sought to be recovered under interim application could neither be said to be property in dispute in the suit, nor the same is threatened or intended to be removed o