2013 Supreme(Bom) 2519
In the High Court of Bombay at Nagpur
S.B. SHUKRE, J.
Suresh & Others
Versus
Baburao s/o Janbaji Bambhal (dead). LRs & Others
Second Appeal No. 156 of 1998
Decided On: 16-12-2013
For the Appellants:Masood Shareef, Advocate.
For the Respondents: None.
Headnote:
Joint Family Property - Partition - Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 114, Hindu Law - [Joint Family Property] - [Partition] - [Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 114, Hindu Law]
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit for partition, separate possession, and damages against the defendants, claiming joint family properties. The defendants denied the properties were ancestral and resisted the suit. The trial court partly decreed the suit, and the first appellate court partly allowed the appeal. The appellants then filed a second appeal before the High Court.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court found that the plaintiffs failed to prove the existence of sufficient nucleus of the joint family to enable the purchase of the disputed property. The burden of proof was initially on the plaintiffs, and the courts below erred in shifting it to the defendants. The judgments of the lower courts were held to be against settled legal principles.
Issues: The issues involved the presumption of jointness of the family, the claim of a female family member to be Karta, and the burden of proof for joint family property.
Ratio Decidendi: The burden of proving joint family property lies with the party asserting it, and the existence of sufficient nucleus of the joint family must be shown. The courts erred in shifting the burden of proof and drawing a presumption of jointness without evidence of sufficient nucleus.
Final Decision: The High Court partly allowed the appeal, setting aside the judgment and decree of the lower courts related to the partition of the disputed property. The judgment and decree of the first appellate court were confirmed in all other aspects. Each party was ordered to bear their own costs.
1. The appellants No.1 to 8 are the legal heirs of original defendant No.1, deceased Gadibabu and appellant No.9 is the original defendant No.2. Original respondent No.1 Smt. Nagabai wd/o Janbaji Bhambal (deleted) and original respondent No.2 deceased Baburao s/o Janbaji Bhambal (through legal heirs) are the original plaintiffs No.1 and 2. For the sake of convenience, parties to the appeal are hereinafter referred to as plaintiffs and defendants in the order in which they were arrayed in the suit.
2. Plaintiffs had filed a suit for partition, separate possession and damages against the defendants. It was their case that plaintiff No.1 was the mother of plaintiff No.2 and Janbaji, the husband of plaintiff No.1 and father of plaintiff No.2, was the younger brother of defendant No.1. Defendant No.2 was the son of defendant No.1. Janbaji and Gadibabu (defendant No.1 were the sons of Bagaji Bhambal. They had inherited a land and one house situated at Mouza Katol. These properties and other acquisitions have been particularly described in Schedule-A and Schedule-B to the plaint.
3. According to the plaintiffs, two brothers Janbaji and Gadibabu were joint in estate, residence and earning. Janbaji died on 05.02.1979 at Katol, leaving behind him the plaintiffs who inherited undivided interest of Janbaji in the joint Hindu family properties as mentioned in the schedules annexed to the plaint. They submitted that till the death of Janbaji, there was no partition of joint family and he was living at Katol in ancestral house along with defendant No.1. They submitted that Janbaji, being the younger brother of defendant No.1, focused his attention only on agriculture and defendant No.1 being educated, looked after outwardly business of the joint family and other family affairs. They submitted that there was an agricultural field bearing Survey No.250, area 8.27 acres, inherited by the family of said two brothers. It was sold by the brothers to one Kisan Domaji Shimpi vide registered sale deed for a valuable consideration. They submitted that in the sale deed, name of one Zunya s/o Bagaji Dhangar has been shown as executant of the sale deed though, it was not necessary to do so, as he was not the son of Bagaji Bhambal but one Janaji Bobde, the first husband of Kalawati, with whom Bagaji Bhambal had performed a marriage. They submitted that Thakubai was the first wife of Bagaji Bhambal and since she did not bear any children, Bagaji Bhambal, after the death of husband of Kalawati, married with her under the Gandharva form of marriage and this Kalawati, then brought her two sons from her first marriage namely Zunya and Sadya with her and since that time they were residing with Bagaji Bhambal. Thye submitted that Zunya had no right, title or interest in the property of Bagaji Bhambal and therefore, it was not necessary to show him as executant of the sale deed by which the ancestral property, field Survey No.250, was sold away in the year 1946.
4. The plaintiffs further submitted that Bagaji Bhambal died in the year 1920 and some years later on, agricultural field bearing Survey Nos.82, 71, 74, 75 and 77 (70), together admeasuring about 19.09 acres, came to be purchased by Gadibabu (defendant No.1) and Janbaji vide registered sale dated 09.04.1943 for a valuable consideration of Rs.2600/. According to plaintiffs, this property was purchased by the family with the aid and help of the funds, received and derived from the joint family property and/or joint family earnings. They further submitted that since the defendant No.1 was the Karta of the joint Hindu family, he purchased one more field bearing Survey No.81 admeasuring 11.72 acres with the help of joint family earnings by registered sale deed dated 23.06.1947 in the name of defendant No.2, who was then minor. This agricultural field was also purchased by defendant No.1 with the help of joint family funds of the parties to the suit and therefore, this property was a joint family property