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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY BENCH AT GOA
M.S. Sonak, J.
New India Assurance Co. Ltd. Ojha. – Appellant
Versus
Vallabh Prabhudessai & Ors. – Respondents
First Appeal No. 107/2018
Decided On : 22-07-2022

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Amey Kakodkar, Mr. Pankaj Shirodkar and Ms. Amanda Godinho, Advocates for the Appellant, for the Appellant; Mr. V. G. Kurtikar, Advocate for the Respondent No.1, Mr. A. R. S. Netravalkar, Advocate for the Respondent No.3.

Headnote:

Motor Vehicles Act - Composite Negligence - Section 170 - 2014 ALL MR (Cri) 1616 - Summary of Acts and Sections: Motor Vehicles Act, Section 170 - The court discussed the evidence and established that the accident occurred due to composite negligence, apportioning liability equally between the motorcycle driver and the Tata Sumo driver. The court also addressed the quantum of compensation and reduced the salary computation but proportionately enhanced compensation for pain and suffering and loss of amenities. The court found the interest awarded excessive and reduced it to 7% p.a.

Fact of the Case:

The appeal involved an accident between a motorcycle and a Tata Sumo, resulting in the permanent disablement of the pillion rider. The Tribunal held the motorcycle driver solely responsible for the accident and awarded compensation. The appellant, insurer of the motorcycle, contended that the accident occurred due to the negligence of the Tata Sumo driver or was a case of composite negligence.

Finding of the Court:

The court found the accident to be a case of composite negligence, apportioning liability equally between the motorcycle driver and the Tata Sumo driver. The court also addressed the quantum of compensation, reducing the salary computation but proportionately enhancing compensation for pain and suffering and loss of amenities. The court found the interest awarded excessive and reduced it to 7% p.a.

Issues: The issues involved determining the liability for the accident, quantum of compensation, and the appropriate rate of interest.

Ratio Decidendi: The court established that the accident was a case of composite negligence, apportioning liability equally between the motorcycle driver and the Tata Sumo driver. The court also addressed the quantum of compensation, reducing the salary computation but proportionately enhancing compensation for pain and suffering and loss of amenities. The court found the interest awarded excessive and reduced it to 7% p.a.

Final Decision: The appeal was partly allowed, holding the motorcycle owner/driver and the Tata Sumo owner/driver, together with the insurers of their vehicles, equally liable to pay the compensation amount awarded by the Tribunal. Since this is a case of composite negligence, these parties will have to bear the liability in the proportion of 50% each. The appellant and respondent nos.2 and 3 were directed to deposit the compensation amount as determined in the order in equal proportions within eight weeks from the date of the judgment.

JUDGMENT

1. Heard Mr. Amey Kakodkar for the Appellant, Mr. Kurtikar for Respondent No.1, and Mr. A. R. S. Netravalkar for the Respondent No.3-insurer of the Sumo vehicle. The remaining respondents are duly served but are neither present nor represented in this appeal.

2. This appeal is instituted by the insurance company of the motorcycle bearing Registration No.GA-08-L-0632, which was involved in the accident with the Tata Sumo bearing Registration No.GA-09-A-9264 on 18.02.2014. The claimant was the pillion rider on the motorcycle and suffered injuries that resulted in his permanent disablement.

3. The Tribunal has held that the motorcycle driver was solely responsible for the accident and not the driver of the Tata Sumo. Further, the Tribunal has determined the compensation at Rs. 23,50,000/- and awarded interest @ 9% p.a. from the date of the claim petition.

4. Mr. Kakodkar, learned counsel for the insurer of the motorcycle, submits that leave was obtained under Section 170 of the Motor Vehicles Act. Therefore, the insurance company is entitled to raise all contentions. He proposes that the evidence on record establishes that the accident occurred due to the rashness and negligence of the Tata Sumo driver. In the alternative, he submits that this is a case of composite negligence, and the Tribunal erred in not holding the driver of Tata Sumo equally responsible for the accident. He proposed that the combined negligence should be assessed on an equal basis between the driver of the motorcycle and the Tata Sumo driver.

5. Mr. Kakodkar referred to the pleadings on record. He submitted that the accident occurred in the middle of the road when the Tata Sumo driver saw the motorcycle about 3 to 4 meters away before the accident. He submits that the Tata Sumo driver and his witnesses have taken contradictory stands in variance with the pleadings. He offers that Gregorio Menezes (RW5) was not an eyewitness to the accident and his testimony deserved rejection.

6. Mr. Kakodkar also submitted that the claimant was drawing a salary for only 11 months in a year, and the Tribunal overlooked this aspect. However, Mr. Netravalkar, learned counsel for the insurance company, as the insurer of the Tata Sumo vehicle, pointed out that the claimant earned a salary only for 10 & 1/2 months a year and not 12. Based on this, the learned counsel submitted that the computation made by the Tribunal is incorrect, and the same must be reduced.

7. Mr. Vaman Kurtikar, learned counsel for the claimant submitted that this was indeed a case of composite negligence. However, on the issue of quantum, he proposed that the award towards pain and suffering and loss of amenities is inadequate. He pointed out that the claimant has suffered a permanent disability since his right leg has been paralyzed. He submits that in similar circumstances, the Hon'ble Supreme Court, in the case of Erudhaya Priya v. State Express Transport Corporation Ltd. - 2020 ALL SCR 1616 awarded Rs. 2,00,000/- towards pain and suffering and Rs. 1,50,000/- towards loss of amenities. Therefore, he submits that the compensation amount should be enhanced to Rs. 3,50,000/-.

8. Mr. Netravalkar submits that there is no evidence of any rashness and negligence on the part of the Tata Sumo driver. On the other hand, he states that there is clear evidence of rashness and negligence on the part of the motorcycle driver. He points out the evidence of the Tata Sumo driver, his wife, his brother, and Gregorio - an independent eyewitness. He submits that the evidence of all these witnesses establishes that the accident occurred due to the motorcycle driver's rashness and negligence.

9. Mr. Netravalkar submits that the motorcycle owner/driver did not even choose to file any written statement in the matter. He, therefore, offers that their testimony is of no avail and should have been rejected by the Tribunal.

10. Mr. Netravalkar submits that the sketch attached to the panchanama corroborates the ocular evidence of the

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