IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
N.J. Jamadar, J.
Amar S. Mulchandani - Appellant
Versus
State of Maharashtra - Respondent
Anticipatory Bail Application No. 2801 of 2023
Decided On : 31-10-2023
PRE-ARREST BAIL - ANTICIPATORY BAIL IN CUSTODY - Sec. 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - The court discussed the maintainability of pre-arrest bail applications for individuals already in custody, referencing the Supreme Court's decision in Narinderjit Singh Sahni v. Union of India and other relevant judgments. The court highlighted that the purpose of anticipatory bail is to prevent unjustified arrest and humiliation, which does not apply to individuals already arrested. However, it concluded that a person in custody for one offense can still seek anticipatory bail for another offense, as the statutory provisions do not impose such a restriction. The court emphasized the importance of personal liberty and the need for judicial discretion in granting bail.
Fact of the Case:
The applicant sought pre-arrest bail in connection with multiple offenses under the Indian Penal Code while already being in custody for another case. The first informant objected to the maintainability of the bail application, arguing that a person in custody cannot seek anticipatory bail for other offenses.
Finding of the Court:
The court analyzed various judgments, including Narinderjit Singh Sahni, and concluded that while the purpose of anticipatory bail is to prevent unjustified arrest, a person already in custody for one offense is not barred from seeking anticipatory bail for another offense. The court emphasized the need to protect personal liberty and the importance of judicial discretion.
Issues: Whether a person already in custody can seek pre-arrest bail for another offense, and the interpretation of Sec. 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure regarding anticipatory bail.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the statutory provisions do not prohibit a person in custody for one offense from seeking anticipatory bail for another offense. The interpretation of Sec. 438 must align with the principles of personal liberty and judicial discretion, as established in previous Supreme Court judgments.
Final Decision: The objection to the maintainability of the pre-arrest bail application was disallowed, allowing the applicant to proceed with the application for anticipatory bail in connection with the other offenses.
JUDGMENT/ORDER
1. Heard the learned Counsel for the parties.
2. This is an application for pre-arrest bail in connection with C.R.No.806 of 2019 registered with Pimpri Police Station for the offences punishable under Ss. 420, 406, 409, 465, 467, 468, 471 read with Sec. 34 of the IndianPenal Code.
3. The applicant is already in custody in ECIR No.10 of 2021.
4. In this backdrop, the first informant - intervener has raised an objection to the maintainability of the application for pre-arrest bail on the ground that a person who is already in custody is not entitled to seek a relief of pre-arrest bail in connection with the other crimes which have been registered against him.
5. As the issue of maintainability is sought to be raised on the strength of the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Narinderjit Singh Sahni and Anr. V/s. Union of India and Ors., (2002) 2 SCC 210. and the judgments of the learned Single Judges of Rajasthan and Allahabad High Courts in the cases of Sunil Kallani V/s. State of Rajasthan, 2022 0 Cri.L.J. 1378. and Rajesh Kumar Sharma V/s. C.B.I., 2022 0 Supreme (ALL) 1331. respectively, which seem to follow the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Narinderjit (supra), to lay down the proposition that a person who is already arrested is not entitled to seek prearrest bail under Sec. 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and a learned Single Judge of this Court in the case of Alnesh Akil Somji V/s. State of Maharashtra, 2002 0 ALL M.R. (Cri.) 61. struck a discordant note to hold that there is no embargo to prefer an application for pre-arrest bail even when a person is under arrest in another crime, the learned Counsel for the parties were heard on the point of maintainability of the application.
6. Mr. Shamnani, learned Counsel for the first informant, submitted that the decision of this Court in the case of Alnesh Somji (Supra), does not consider the full import of the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Narinderjit (supra). On the contrary, Mr. Shamnani submitted, the learned Single Judges of Rajasthan and Allahabad High Courts in the case of Sunil Kallani V/s. State of Rajasthan, 2022 0 Cri.L.J. 1378. and Rajesh Kumar Sharma V/s. C.B.I. (supra), have correctly appreciated the ratio of the decision in the case of Narinderjit Singh Sahni and Anr. (supra).
7. Amplifying the submission, Mr. Shamnani would urge that the prime reason for granting the relief of pre-arrest bail is to insulate a person, who apprehends arrest, from injury and humiliation which he would otherwise be subjected to in the event of an unjustified arrest, and, since the person who is already arrested cannot make a grievance of such possible injury and humiliation, such person is not entitled to seek anticipatory bail. This crucial factor was not considered by the learned Judge of this Court in the case of Alnesh Somji (supra), urged Mr. Shamnani.
8. Mr. Shamnani would further urge that having regard to the object of granting pre-arrest bail which is essentially to prevent an arrest of a person where the court finds that, in the circumstances of the case, there should not be any restraint on his personal liberty, a person who is already under arrest cannot seek such dispensation as it would be a contradiction in terms that an arrested person seeks protection from arrest, be it in another case.
9. Mr. Ponda, learned Senior Advocate for the Applicant, forcefully countered the submissions of Mr. Shamnani. It was submitted that on first principles, the objection to the maintainability of the application is misconceived. An arrest in one case, can never be construed to preclude a person from seeking a statutory remedy under Sec. 438 of the Code, where he is threatened with unjustified arrests in a number of cases. Taking such a view, according to Mr.Ponda, would jeopardise the cherished personal liberty irredeemably.
10. Mr. Ponda would further urge that in view of the decision of this Court in the case of Alnesh Somji (supr
And State of Bihar vs. Kalika Kuer @ Kalika Singh and Ors.
And Sushila Aggarwal and Ors. vs. State (NCT of Delhi) and Anr.
Chandra Mohan vs. State of Uttar Pradesh and Ors
Gurbaksh Singh Sibbia vs. State of Punjab
Narinderjit Singh Sahni and Anr. vs. Union of India and Ors.
Sundarjas Kanyalal Bhatija and Ors. vs. Collector, Thane and Ors.
AI
A person in custody for one offense is not precluded from seeking anticipatory bail for another offense under Sec. 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, as the statutory provisions do not impose suc....
Anticipatory bail applications are maintainable even if the petitioner is already in custody for another case, affirming the protection of personal liberty under Article 21.
Anticipatory bail is an extraordinary remedy, granted sparingly in serious cases, and requires compliance with court conditions; failure to do so can lead to rejection of bail applications.
Anticipatory bail is an extraordinary remedy that must be justified by circumstances, balancing the rights of the accused against the interests of justice and effective investigation.
Successive bail applications require substantial change in circumstances; prior denials must be respected to prevent judicial abuse.
A second application for anticipatory bail under Section 438, Cr. P. C. is not maintainable even if new circumstances develop after rejection or disposal of an earlier application.
Sec.438 of Cr.P.C reads as Direction for grant of bail to person apprehending arrest.
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