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2026 Supreme(Bom) 357

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CIRCUIT BENCH AT KOLHAPUR
M.M. SATHAYE, J.
Ajitnath Tatyasaheb Shetti – Appellant 
Versus
M/s. Govindram Shobharam – Respondent 
Civil Revision Application No. 4 of 2025
Decided On : 20-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Abhishek T. Ingale, a/w. Mr. T. S. Ingale
For the Respondent: Mr. Ashutosh M. Kulkarni i/b. Mr. Sarthak Diwan

Tenancy subsists post-building demolition under rent laws as demise includes land; bona fide eviction need assessed at suit filing survives unless subsequent events completely eclipse it; non-user proved despite dilapidation sans tenant repair efforts.

Headnote:(A) Maharashtra Rent Control Act, 1999 - Sections 16(1)(g) and 16(1)(n) - Eviction on grounds of bona fide requirement for personal use and non-user without reasonable cause for over six months - Suit premises demolished during appeal pendency due to dilapidated condition - Tenancy rights subsist post-demolition as demise comprises building and land; destruction of building alone does not determine tenancy when land remains - ‘...once a tenancy is created in respect of a building standing on the land it is the building and the land which are components of the subject-matter of demise and the destruction of the building alone does not determine the tenancy when the land which is the site of the building continues to exist.’ (Para 10) - Bona fide requirement assessed as on date of suit filing; subsequent events material but do not extinguish need unless completely eclipsed - ‘...crucial date for deciding as to bona fides of the requirement of the landlord is the date of his application for eviction...’ (Para 15) - Landlord best judge of requirement; dilapidated condition not reasonable cause for non-user where tenant asserts continued need and convenience without seeking repairs - Comparative hardship favors landlord as tenant financially sound with alternate spacious premises licensed out. (Paras 8-13, 15-32)

(B) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Section 115 - Revision against appellate reversal of eviction decree - Interference warranted for perverse appreciation of evidence misreading pleadings and proof, occasioning miscarriage of justice. (Paras 33-34)

Facts of the case:
Landlord filed eviction suit against tenant occupying ground floor godown at monthly rent, alleging bona fide need post-retirement for business, non-user, misuse, damage, and municipal notice for demolition due to age. Trial court decreed eviction; appellate court set aside post-demolition, holding need unbelievable and non-user unproved.

Findings of Court:
Appellate judgment and decree quashed; trial court decree of eviction confirmed on bona fide requirement and non-user grounds; cross-objection on rent arrears not interfered with.

Issues: Whether tenancy subsists post-demolition; effect of subsequent demolition on pleaded bona fide requirement and non-user; perversity in appellate re-appreciation.

Ratio Decidendi: Rights under rent control act govern statutory tenants post-demolition; genuine need from suit date survives unless eclipsed; tenant's contradictory evidence establishes non-user and lesser hardship; appellate findings perverse.

Result: Civil Revision Application succeeds partly; eviction decreed.

Table of Content
1. eviction suit for bona fide need, non-user. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments on tenancy post-demolition, bona fides. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. tenancy survives building demolition under mrc act. (Para 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. bona fide need determined at suit filing. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21)
5. demolition does not extinguish landlord's need. (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27)
6. non-user proved absent reasonable cause. (Para 28 , 29 , 30 , 31)
7. no hardship; tenant has alternatives. (Para 32 , 33)
8. perverse appellate order set aside; eviction restored. (Para 34 , 35 , 36 , 37)

JUDGMENT :

M.M. SATHAYE, J.

1. This Civil Revision Application under section 115 of CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE 1908 (‘CPC’ for short) is filed by Plaintiff-landlord challenging the impugned Judgment and Decree dated 12/09/2024 passed by District Judge-2, Sangli in Regular Civil Appeal No. 219 of 2018. By the said impugned Judgment and Decree, the said appeal filed by Respondent-Tenant was allowed, thereby setting aside the Judgment and Decree dated 03/07/2018 passed by 3rd Joint Civil Judge Junior Division, Sangli in Regular Civil Suit No. 267 of 2010, thereby dismissing the said suit.

2. The Revision Applicant is landlord and Respondent is tenant. The said suit was filed by the Revision Applicant for eviction of the Respondent, which was decreed granting eviction. However, it is set aside by the Appellate Court.

3. Few facts shorn of unnecessary details are as under.

3.1. The Revision Applicant filed said suit contending inter alia that premises on the ground floor of structure at City Survey No. 670 admeasuring 73 ft. 6 inch x 16 ft. 9 inch is the suit premises which is in possession of the Respondent as monthly tenant since the time of father of the Plaintiff. That monthly rent is Rs.104.25 excluding municipal tax and light charges.

3.2. It is further contended that the suit premises is given to Respondent for use as godown; however, the same is kept closed and locked by Respondent. That the electricity connection in the name of Plaintiff's father has been misused. That the suit premises are not used for the reason for which it is let for more than six months without reasonable cause. That the suit structure is an old structure constructed in stone and mud long ago (about 85 years ago). That the Respondent has taken advantage of the Revision Applicant staying out of station and has removed the roof illegally. That the suit premises has been damaged and wasted.

3.3. It is further contended that the Revision Applicant - Mr. Ajitnath was in service, who has retired in 2009 and he wants to start a business of either hardware store or hotel, for which the suit premises is most appropriate and convenient place being situated in the peth area of city. That therefore he requires the suit premises reasonably and bona fide for personal use and occupation and the landlord is willing to carry out necessary repairs and use it.

3.4. It is further contended that the Revision Applicant issued suit notice dated 29/01/2008 and the tenancy is terminated by end of April 2008. Therefore suit is filed under provisions of section 16(1) (g) and 16(1)(n) of the Maharashtra Rent Control Act, 1999 (‘MRC Act’ for short). It is contended that partners of the Respondent firm (Tenant) are in sound financial position and therefore they have capacity to purchase property elsewhere. Despite various requests by the Revision Applicant informing the Respondent about plaintiff's bona fide requirement, the suit premises are not vacated.

3.5. It is further contended that since the suit structure is old, the Revision Applicant has received notice dated 30/03/2010 from the local municipal corporation. That the Revision Applicant is ready to demolish the structure; however, since it is in the possession of the Tenant, the Landlord is not in a position to comply with the notice of municipal corporation.

3.6. The Respondent filed written statement contesting the suit, denying the

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