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2004 (3) Crimes 309
ANDHRA PRADESH HIGH COURT
Ch. S.R.K. Prasad, J.
Ahmed Saadi—Appellant
versus
State of A.P. —Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 588 of 1999
Decided on 26.12.2003

Advocates:
Counsel for the Parties:
For the Appellant :Mr. C. Praveen Kumar, Advocate.
For the Respondent: Public Prosecutor, High Court of A.P., Hyderabad.

Important Point
Confession made before the police officer which led to recovery of by another police officer is inadmissible in evidence and first statement alone is admissible.

Headnote:(i) Indian Penal Code, 1860 — Section 353 — Appellant-accused was found attacking a victim & on being challenged by police party to surrender, he attempted to attack police party — Police officer fired two rounds & accused escaped from scene — Appeal against conviction — Victim of attack by accused was not examined & it was fatal in absence of any explanation — No independent witness was forthcoming to corroborate evidence of police officers — Recovery of weapon at instance of accused was not believable — Conviction could not be sustained. (Paras 6 & 13)

       (ii) Evidence Act, 1872 — Section 27 — Confession made by accused before one police officer & recovery of fact made by other police officer as 1st police officer was transferred — Confession was inadmissible. (Paras 7 & 11)

       Result: Appeal allowed.

       

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The court held that confession made before one police officer and recovery by another is inadmissible; only the first statement is admissible. [5000164300011] (!) - Lack of examination of the victim and absence of independent corroboration undermine the reliability of police testimony, leading to acquittal for the offense under Section 353, IPC. [5000164300006] - The absence of corroborative documentary evidence and inconsistencies in recovery of weapon render the prosecution’s case unreliable, contributing to benefit of doubt for the accused. [5000164300006][5000164300007] - The trial court’s reliance on the recovery and the designation of the accused as a rowdy-sheeter without documentary support is improper. [5000164300006] - Section 27 allows only information related to the fact discovered to be proved; when a confession leads to recovery, the first statement is admissible, but subsequent recoveries supported by different officers lack proper admissibility without corroboration. (!) [5000164300010] - The investigation must be completed on a day-to-day basis and delays in recovery without proper explanation undermine evidentiary weight. [5000164300012][5000164300013] - The appellate court ultimately acquits the accused and sets aside the lower court order, resulting in an appeal being allowed. (!)

What is the admissibility of confessions made to one police officer and recovery of material by another in connection with Section 27 of the Evidence Act?

What are the grounds on which the prosecution’s case under IPC Section 353 can be acquitted due to lack of independent corroboration and unreliability of police testimony?

What are the implications of non-examination of the injured or victim in establishing a case of assault under IPC Section 353?


JUDGMENT

Ch. S.R.K. Prasad, J.— The accused has preferred this appeal against the judgment of conviction and sentence of rigorous imprisonment for a period

of one year and imposition of fine of Rs. 5,000/- for the offence under Section 353, IPC, passed by the III Additional Metro-politan Sessions Judge-cum-Special Judge for trial of cases under the Essential Commodities Act in S.C. No. 516 of 1995.

2. The factual matrix that arises for consideration can be briefly stated as follows:

On the strength of the wireless message received on 10.8.1994 at about 2.15 a.m., the in­charge Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police, Chandrayangutta P.S. took the assistance of one Head Con-stable and three other police constables and rushed to the scene of offence at Barkas, and found that the accused and his associate by name Hasnu were attacking the victim by name Sirajul Hassan. In spite of warning to surrender, the accused did not surrender and attempted to attack the Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police and others. Therefore, the Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police fired two rounds aiming below the knees of the accused and then the accused had escaped from the scene of offence. On 5.9.1994 the accused was apprehended and on the strength of the confession made by him, MO 1 was recovered. There-upon, the accused was charge-sheeted for the offence under Sections 307 read with Section 34 and Section 353 read with Section 34, IPC. Accused pleaded not guilty for the charges. The prosecution in all examined seven witnesses. PW 1 is the Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police. PW 2 is the Head Constable. PWs 3 and 4 are the Panch witnesses, who have turned hostile. PW 5 is the Sub-Inspector of Police attached to Special Party of Chatrinaka Division. PW 6 is the Inspector of Police, P.S. Chandrayangutta and PW 7 is also Inspector of Police, PW 6 speaks about taking up investigation on 10.8.1994, visiting the scene of offence, recording the confession statement of the accused and handing over the case to his successor PW 7. PW 7 speaks about taking charge of this case from PW 6 and seizing of knife at his instance from open place in front of Barkas in the presence of Panchas. After trial, the III Additional Metropolitan Sessions Judge has recorded finding of guilt under Section 353, IPC and, accordingly, convicted and sentenced the accused to undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year and imposed a fine of Rs. 5,000/-, in default, rigorous imprisonment for six months. Aggrieved thereby, the accused has preferred this appeal.

3. The point that arises for consideration is “whether the prosecution has proved the guilt of the accused beyond all reasonable doubts for the offence punishable under Section 353, IPC”?

4. The learned Counsel appearing for the appellant contends that non-examination of Sirajul Hassan is fatal to the version of the prosecution. It is further contended that recovery was not made by the officer who recorded the confession statement and it was recovered by another police officer, who took charge of this case. Moreover, there is discrepancy in the evidence of police officials and the independent witnesses regarding recovery of the property. Therefore, it is contended that the accused is entitled to be given benefit of doubt.

5. The learned Public Prosecutor on the other hand contends that the evidence of police officials is reliable and has to be accepted. It is also contended that the lower Court has rightly come to the conclusion in finding the accused guilty of the offence punishable under Section 353, IPC.

6. Adverting to the said contentions, I am of the view that the prosecution has to prove that there was an attack on Sirajul Hassan, and the prosecution had examined Sirajul Hassan. Non­-examination of the said witness is certainly fatal to the prosecution case; since no explanation is forthcoming for failure to prove the said version. Further, no independent evidence is forthcoming corroborating the evidence of Police Officer. In th

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Judicial Analysis

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