Kanhaiya Singh, J.

1. This is a writ petition under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India and concerns the validity of the order dated 7 July 1958, of the Central Government Industrial Tribunal, Dhanbad (hereinafter referred to as the tribunal). The Associated Cement Companies, Ltd., Kotma Colliery, Kotma, are the petitioners. The chairman of the tribunal is opposite party 1. R.W. Nair and M.K. Mhaskar are respectively opposite parties 2 and 3. The Union of India is opposite party 4. Nair and Mhaskar were the employees of the petitioners, being employed as accounts clerks at Kotma Colliery in the State of Vindhya Pradesh, now forming part of the State of Madhya Pradesh. There were certain allegations of misconduct against them. The petitioners accordingly drew up proceedings against them, and charges were framed. They were given full and ample opportunity to make their respective defences. The investigation of the cases against them was entrusted to Sri Rajagopalaswami. He held enquiries in accordance with the certified standing orders of the companies-petitioners. After full investigation, he found the defences to be untrue. He held that they were guilty of cer