KANHAIYA SINGH, J.: - This is a defendants First Appeal. Certain undesirable persons of the villages within the jurisdiction of police stations Bihpur, Naugachia and Gopalpur resorted to various acts of lawlessness, and the lives and properties of the law-abiding citizens became unsafe, so much so that all preventive measures taken against many desperate persons who were bent upon creating lawlessness spreading dissatisfaction against the State became ineffective and the functioning of the rule of law became impossible. Accordingly, by a notification dated 17th February, 1954, published in the Bihar Gazette dated 3rd March, 1955, under section 15 (1) of the Police Act, 1861, (Ext. F) the Governor of Bihar declared that the conduct of the inhabitants of the said villages had rendered it expedient to increase the number of police by the appointment of an additional force consisting of one Deputy Superintendent of Police, one Inspector, one Subedar 11 Sub-Inspectors, one Jamadar, 11 Havildars and 99 constables to be quartered in the said villages at the cost of the inhabitants thereof, subject to any orders which may be passed under subsection (5) of the said section, exempti