IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH and NAWNEET KUMAR PANDEY, JJ.
Criminal Appeal (DB) No.534 of 2022
(1.8.2023)
Sikindar Prasad Yadav @
Sikandar Prasad Yadav ... Appellant
vs.
Union of India ... Respondent
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 – Sections 20(b)(ii) (C) and 23(c) read with Section 52A(2)(b) – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 – Section 374(2) – Recovery of Charas – Conviction and sentence – Samples were not drawn in presence of a Magistrate as contemplated under Section 52A (2) (b) of NDPS Act and directions issued by Supreme Court – Independent seizure list witnesses were not examined – No explanation on record as to why they could not be examined – Prosecution failed to adhere to one of important safeguards under Section 52A(2)(b) of NDPS Act – Appellant stands acquitted of charge of offence punishable under Sections 20(b)(ii)(C) and 23(c) of NDPS Act – Impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence set aside – Appeal allowed. (Paras 17, 22, 23, 24 and 25)
Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J.—This appeal has been preferred by the appellant under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, putting to challenge a judgment of conviction dated 18.07.2019 and an order of sentence dated 19.07.2019, passed by learned Sessions Judgecum- Special Judge, East Champaran at Motihari in NDPS Case No. 39 of 2017 arising out of C.No. VIII(10)13/CUS/Seiz/NDPS/RXL/17/88 dated 8.4.2017, whereby the appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:
Cr. Appeal (DB) No. 534 of 2022
| Appellant | Conviction under Section | Imprisonment | Sentence Fine (Rs.) | In default of fine |
| Sikindar Prasad Yadav | 20(b)(ii) (C) of NDPS Act | R.I. for 12 years | 1,50,000/- | S.I. for six months |
| Sikandar Prasad Yadav | 23(c) of NDPS Act | R.I. for 12 years | 1,50,000/- | S.I for six months |
2. All the sentences have been ordered to run concurrently.
3. An Inspector posted at Land Customs Station, Raxaul, Binod Kumar Das (PW-2) filed a complaint petition in the Court of learned Sessions Judge-cum-Special Judge, NDPS, Motihari on 19.07.2017 (Exhibit-14) giving rise to the concerned NDPS Case No. 39 of 2017. The prosecution’s story has been elaborately narrated in the said complaint petition. It is the prosecution's case that an information was received on 07.04.2017, that a person was carrying charas from a place Sirasiya (Nepal), for being handed over to someone at Raxaul Bus Stand, East Champaran via- Kaurihar Chowk, Raxaul. The apparels which the person would be wearing while carrying the said contraband was also indicated in the secret information. A team was accordingly constituted for intercepting the said person and an intimation was sent in this regard to the Superintendent (Preventive) LCS, Raxaul. The team so constituted rushed towards the indicated place at 3:00 pm, and after waiting for a while, the person was spotted. He was signaled to stop, who was found to be carrying a black air-bag. The said person was asked to open his black air-bag in the presence of two independent witnesses (no independent witness was examined at the trial). Upon opening of the bag, some packets wrapped with brown coloured plastic adhesive tapes were found. On enquiry, the person disclosed his name as Sikandar Prasad Yadav (appellant) and told the custom officials that he was carrying charas which he had received from one Tapelal Sah of Sirasiya (Nepal), to be delivered to a person near the bus stand, to be found in a red shirt. Despite efforts made, the persons to whom the charas was intended to be handed over by the appellant could not be located by the DRI officials. It is further case that the appellant, his bag and both the independent witnesses were brought to LCS, Raxaul for further formalities. After arriving at the office, a personal search of the appellant was conducted in the presence of the Superintendent (Preventive) LCS, Raxaul and the said two independent witnesses, after obtaining the appellant’s consent to be searched before a Departmental Gazetted Officer. No incriminating material/document was recovered on personal search of the appellant. The bag was opened in his presence. A total of 17 packets of charas in rectangular shape were recovered from the said bag. The charas was weighed in the presence of the appellant and both the witnesses which was found to be 8.450 kgs (net). A seizure memo was thereafter prepared and the recovered charas, weighing 8.450 kgs, was seized on 07.04.2017 under Section 43 of the NDPS Act at 8:00 pm for violation of Section 8 of the NDPS Act. A copy of the seizure memo was handed over to this appellant also. Thereafter small quantities of charas from each of all the 17 packets were taken and mixed together and three representative samples (weighing approximately 25 gram each) were drawn from the mixed charas and kept in three separate small transparent plastic pouches.
Strict compliance with statutory safeguards, including the requirements under Section 42 and the admissibility of confessional statements under Section 67, is essential in NDPS cases.
The conviction was quashed due to failure to comply with mandatory procedures for evidence collection under the NDPS Act, emphasizing the importance of a fair trial.
Procedural non-compliance with the NDPS Act regarding search, seizure, and evidence handling resulted in acquittal, establishing that failure to follow mandated protocols undermines prosecution's cas....
The court held that the prosecution's reliance on police witnesses is valid despite absence of independent witnesses, emphasizing that procedural defects in sample collection did not automatically in....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for compliance with procedural safeguards and fair procedure in the investigation and trial of cases under the NDPS Act.
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