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2023 Supreme(Pat) 584

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH, RAJESH KUMAR VERMA, JJ.
Arjun Yadav, S/o. Uttim Lal Yadav @ Uttim Lal Yadav - Appellant
Versus
The State of Bihar - Respondent
Criminal Appeal (DB) No. 46 of 2021
Decided On : 12-01-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Ajay Kumar Thakur, Mr. Md. Imteyaz Ahmad, Mr. Ritwaj Raman, Ms. Vaishnavi Singh, Mr. Udhbav.
For the Respondent: Ms. Shashi Bala Verma, APP.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 302, 201, 364, 376 - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 - Sections 4 and 6 - Conviction for murder and sexual assault - Prosecution's case based on confessional statement and CCTV footage - Court found confessional statement inadmissible due to failure to comply with Section 65B of the Evidence Act - Medical evidence indicated victim's death before alleged occurrence - Court extended benefit of doubt to accused. (Paras 46-48)

(B) Burden of Proof - In cases of sexual offenses under POCSO, the burden shifts to the accused if the prosecution establishes a prima facie case, however, in this instance, the prosecution failed to connect the accused to the crime. (Paras 25, 29, 46)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted based on a confessional statement regarding the kidnapping and murder of a minor, but significant contradictions arose regarding the timeline of events and evidence led by the prosecution. Eyewitness accounts were inconsistent, and the victim's body was discovered by family members prior to police recovery. (Paras 3-12)

Findings of Court:
The court concluded that the prosecution did not establish a conclusive case against the appellant, especially due to contradictions in witness testimony and inadequacies in evidentiary protocols for electronic records. (Paras 46-48)

Issues: The main issues were the admissibility of the confessional statement and the reliability of eyewitness testimony in establishing the guilt of the appellant.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that evidence must come from credible sources and statutory requirements must be fulfilled for electronic evidence to be admissible; the benefit of doubt was given due to insufficient evidence for conviction. (Paras 29, 46)

Result: Appeal allowed; appellant acquitted.

Table of Content
1. conviction details of the appellant (Para 2)
2. basis of registration and police action (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. eyewitness accounts regarding the victim's disappearance (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. defense arguments against the conviction (Para 25 , 26 , 27)
5. scrutiny of confessional statements and electronic evidence (Para 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
6. contradictions in witness testimonies (Para 36 , 38 , 40 , 45)
7. final conclusion and acquittal of the appellant (Para 47 , 48)

JUDGMENT :

Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J.

Heard Mr. Ajay Kumar Thakur, learned counsel for the appellant and Ms. Shashi Bala Verma, learned Additonal Public Prosecutor for the State.

2. By the impugned judgment and order dated 16.03.2020/30.06.2020 passed by learned Additional District and Sessions Judge-1 cum Special Judge, Supaul, in POCSO Case No. 47 of 2018, arising out of Triveniganj P.S. Case No. 279 of 2018, the appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under :

Conviction under Section

Sentence

Imprisonment

Fine (Rs.)

In default of fine

302/201 of the IPC

Imprisonment for life

50,000/-

-

376 of the IPC

Imprisonment for life, which shall mean imprisonment for the reminder of that person’s natural life

50,000/-

-

364 of the IPC

R.I. for ten year

50,000/-

-

4 of the POCSO Act

No separate sentence has been awarded under these Sections

-

-

6 of the POCSO Act

-

-

3. A written report of the victim’s mother dated 19.07.2018 addressed to the officer in-charge, Triveniganj Police Station in the District Supaul is the basis for registration of the Triveniganj P.S. Case No. 279 of 2018 on 19.07.2018 at 1:00 pm, leveling commission of the offences punishable under Sections 3 63, 364 read with Section 120B and Section 201 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE . She alleged in her written report that her daughter (the victim, whose name has been concealed in the present judgment) had gone for taking a hair cut at 6:00 pm in the shop of Bandul Thakur (PW-4). On her way back home she met the appellant who, upon some allurement took her to his shop (appellant’s shop). Since then the victim was missing. In a CCTV footage, the appellant was distinctly seen taking away the victim. She accordingly suspected that the appellant might have kidnapped the victim and killed her and concealed her dead body for disappearance of the evidence. She further alleged that many co-villagers had seen the victim (a minor) with the appellant. The appellant was named in the FIR. From the lower court records as well as evidence of PW13 (the Investigating Officer), it appears that the appellant was arrested by the police on 19.07.2018 itself by the police.

4. On 20.07.2018 at 8:30 am, the appellant is said to have made his confessional statement before the police wherein he confessed that after alluring the victim when she was returning back to his her house from the barber’s shop, he (the appellant) had taken her to his shop and had sexually assaulted her. As she had started crying, he had forcefully pressed her mouth and nose because of which she died. Thereafter, when the activities in the market subsided, he lifted the body of the victim on his shoulder to dispose it off in a bamboo orchard. On his way he met Anil Kumar Yadav (PW1), who was found easing himself in an open field space. On being questioned by him(PW-1) as to what the appellant was doing, he dropped the dead body on the ground and told PW-1 that it was the dead body of his (the appellant) daughter whom he had killed as she had quarreled with him. The appellant took an assurance from him (PW-1) that he would not disclose this fact to anyone. He is also said to have disclosed to the Investigating Officer in his confessional statement that after he was arrested on 19.07.2018, he was assaulted by an agitated mob. After confessing his guilt he is said to have

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