IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
ARUN KUMAR JHA, J.
Second Appeal No.237 of 2008
(29.2.2024)
Meena Devi & Ors. . .. Appellant
vs.
Sushila Devi & Ors. ... Respondents
Civil Procedure Code, 1908 – Section 100 – Both the learned Courts below did not believe the genuineness of the sale-deed as defendants failed to prove proper execution of the sale- deed and onus lied heavily on the defendants which they failed to discharge – Sale-deed bears thumb impression of plaintiff being an illiterate person, its contents are required to be proved by the person who states it has been properly executed and onus shifts to such person – Plaintiff was not having any knowledge about execution of sale-deed dated 27.09.1967 prior to the written statement being filed in the title suit as held by the first Appellate Court – Limitation did not start running against sale deed which had already been declared to be forged, fabricated, void and inoperative document by the Courts below – First Appellate Court committed an error when it held that the relief sought against cannot be granted on the ground of relief being time barred – First Appellate Court did not properly consider the oral evidence of the plaintiff in a perspective matter and hence, the same vitiated its judgment – First Appellate Court recorded an erroneous finding about partition as the same is against the oral evidence in this regard and there is no documentary evidence on the point of partition which might prevail over the said oral evidence – No help to the cause of the defendants considering the facts and circumstances of the present case – Judgment and decree of the first Appellate Court are not sustainable and are set aside – Judgment and the decree of Trial Court are affirmed – Second appeal allowed. (Paras 18, 19, 20 & 22 to 25)
Arun Kumar Jha, J. – The instant appeal has been filed under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Code’) against the judgment and decree dated 12.03.2008 and 29.03.2008, respectively, passed in Title Appeal No. 53 of 2005 by the learned Additional District & Sessions Judge, Fast Track Court No. 1, Nalanda reversing the judgment and decree dated 19.10.2005 and 27.10.2005, respectively, passed in Title Suit No. 162 of 2002 by the learned Subordinate Judge-I, Biharsharif (Nalanda) whereby decreeing the suit in favour of the plaintiffs/appellants.
2. The appellants were the plaintiffs/respondents and the respondents herein were defendants/appellants before the learned courts below. The plaintiffs before the learned trial court filed the suit for declaration of their title on the suit property mentioned in the plaint and also for partition of suit land to the extent of 50 paise and to carve out their shares by appointment of Survey Knowing Pleader Commissioner and also to declare the sale-deed dated 27.09.1967 forged and fabricated and also to set aside the sale deed. The suit property as described in the plaint is a residential house comprising of five shops bearing Holding No (old) 419 and 420 Holding No. (new) 549, 550 and 551 situated in Ward No. 28, its old Ward No. 8 of Mohalla Alamganj, Biharsharif, Nalanda measuring 54 feet from north to south and 30 feet from east to west which is which is bounded by road on norther and southern sides, east and west-NIL.
Case of the Plaintiffs:
3. One Ram Kishun Ram @ Fateh Ram was the common ancestor of the plaintiffs and the defendants, who had purchased the suit house from the income of joint family fund and came into its possession along with his brothers Lalu Ram and Nandu Ram. With subsequent partition, the suit house exclusively came in the joint possession of plaintiffs and defendants. Further case of the plaintiffs is that said Ram Kishun Ram @ Fateh Ram had four sons, namely, Ramji Ramdefendant no. 1, Punna Rma, Nageshwar Ram and Rajendra Ram-plaintiff no. 1 and two daughters Sabiya Devi and Jamuni Devi. Out of six siblings, Punna Ram, Nageshwar Ram and Jamuni Devi died issue-less and the wife of Ram Kishun Ram @ Fateh Ram died during his life time. Sabiya Devi was married with one Gopal Ram who has been made defendant no. 13 in the suit. Further case of the plaintiffs is that Ram Kishun Ram was the karta of the joint family and after his death, defendant no. 1 Ramji Ram became karta of the joint family and had been managing the entire affairs of the family. The plaintiffs and defendants were residing in the suit house along with their family members whereas shops existing in the suit house had been let out on rent to different tenants and the rent had been realized by defendant no. 1. When the plaintiffs demanded proportionate share in the rent, the defendant no. 1 did not pay any heed and evaded the matter and finally refused to give share to the plaintiffs. It has further been pleaded that when the plaintiffs asked the defendants to start their mess separately and also for repair of the house, then the defendants filed a case in Laheri Police Station and after inquiry report was submitted by the police for starting proceeding under Section 107 of Cr.P.C. against both the parties. It has further been pleaded that the plaintiff no. 1 had full faith and confidence on defendant no. 1, who used to take Left Thumb Impression (LTI) of plaintiff no.1 on blank papers and even on papers to be used in Government Department. If defendant no. 1 had manufactured any deed with the help of those papers, the same would be deemed to be illegal, void, not having binding effect and the defendants cannot take any advantage from it. The plaintiffs have claimed that the suit house is still joint and the plaintiffs have got unity of tile and unity of possession over the suit house along with defendants in which their shares are to the extent of half and the s
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The court established that a sale deed can be declared void if proven to be forged, and that limitation does not apply when the party was unaware of the document's existence due to fraud.
A document creating a future division of property does not require registration and is admissible; previous partition must be proven by clear evidence to validate a sale deed executed beyond lawful s....
A suit filed to declare a sale deed null and void is barred by limitation if not filed within three years from the date of registration, and must disclose a valid cause of action.
The court emphasized that evidence cannot be adduced contrary to the arguments in a written document and held that the relief of partition cannot be granted in the face of a document registered lawfu....
Point of law: “Conduct of indifference or Acquiescence and held that, it is settled law that an estoppel may arise as against persons who have not willfully made any misrepresentation, and whose cond....
The sale deed executed without legal necessity and consideration does not bind the joint family properties, affirming the plaintiffs' entitlement to a share.
When suit is barred by limitation, same ought to have been considered by First Appellate Court.
A registered sale deed, while presumptive, does not confer title over property without substantiated evidence of prior ownership and possession.
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