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1962 Supreme(Cal) 146

HIGH COURT OF CALCUTTA
R. S. Bachawat, C. N. Laik
LALCHAND BHUR - Appellant
Versus
SM. SUSHILA SUNDARI DASSI - Respondent
A. F. O. D.  137  Of  1959
Decided On : JULY 04, 1962

Advocates Appeared:
A.N.GANGULY, G.MITTER, R.C.DE, RATHIN DEB

A consent decree based on the limited Hindu widow's interest of the widow and the reversionary interest of the other parties becomes inoperative after the passing of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, which makes the widow the full owner of the properties.

Headnote:

HINDU SUCCESSION ACT - SECTION 14 - CONSENT DECREE - EFFECT OF HINDU SUCCESSION ACT ON CONSENT DECREE - CONSENT DECREE BASED ON LIMITED HINDU WIDOW'S INTEREST - HINDU WIDOW BECOMING FULL OWNER UNDER SECTION 14 - CONSENT DECREE BECOMES INOPERATIVE.

Fact of the Case:

A consent decree was passed in a suit filed by a reversioner against a Hindu widow, Sushila Sundari, for a declaration that he and certain other persons were the then reversioners entitled to succeed to the estate of Bamacharan on the death of Sushila Sundari, an injunction restraining Sushila Sundari for mismanaging, wasting or otherwise wrongfully dealing with or disposing of the estate of Bamacharan to the prejudice of the rights of the reversioners, a declaration that a property standing in the name of the deity Sri Sri Brojo Kishore Jew Thakur belonged to the estate of Bamacharan, an enquiry as to what the estate consisted of, an account of the dealings of the estate by Sushila Sundari and suitable direction and scheme of management of the said estate for the protection of the rights of the reversioners. On the coming into operation of the Hindu Succession Act 1956, Sushila Sundari contended that the entire basis and purpose of the consent decree and the rights declared thereby has been nullified and destroyed by the Hindu Succession Act and has become useless and applicable having regard to the fact that Sushila Sundari has become a full owner of the property.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the consent decree, except for certain clauses, was no longer applicable or enforceable and was not binding upon the plaintiff. The court found that the basis of the consent decree, which was the limited Hindu widow's interest of Sushila Sundari and the reversionary interest of the other parties, had ceased to exist after the passing of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, which made Sushila Sundari the full owner of the properties.

Issues: Whether the consent decree passed in a suit filed by a reversioner against a Hindu widow, based on the limited Hindu widow's interest of the widow and the reversionary interest of the other parties, becomes inoperative after the passing of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, which makes the widow the full owner of the properties.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the consent decree, except for certain clauses, was no longer applicable or enforceable and was not binding upon the plaintiff. The court found that the basis of the consent decree, which was the limited Hindu widow's interest of Sushila Sundari and the reversionary interest of the other parties, had ceased to exist after the passing of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, which made Sushila Sundari the full owner of the properties. The court relied on Section 14 (1) of the Hindu Succession Act, which states that a Hindu woman shall be the full owner of the property inherited by her from her husband or father-in-law.

Final Decision: The court dismissed the appeal filed by the defendants against the decree declaring that the consent decree passed in the previous suit, except for certain clauses, was no longer applicable or of any effect or executable or binding upon the plaintiff Sushila Sundari.

BACHAWAT, J.

( 1 ) THIS is an appeal by the defendants Lalchand Bhur and Kalachand Bhur against the decree declaring that a consent decree passed in Suit No. 1493 of 1942 except Clauses 7 (a), 7 (b), 8 (ii) (a) (b) and 9 and 11 thereof are no more applicable or of any effect or executable or binding upon the plaintiff Sushila Sundari Dassi and consequential reliefs. One Bamacharan Bhur, a Hindu governed by Dayabhaga Law died in 1905 leaving behind him substantial properties and his widow Sushila Sundari as his heir. In 1942 Lalchand a reversioner to the estate of Bamacharan instituted a suit against Sushila Sundari impleading as parties to the suit all other immediate and remote reversioners to the estate of Bamacharan and also the deity Sri Sri Brojokishore Jew claiming, inter alia, a declaration that Lalchand and certain other persons were the then reversioners entitled to succeed to the estate of Bamacharan on the death of Sushila Sundari, an injunction restraining Sushila Sundari for mismanaging, wasting or otherwise wrongfully dealing with or disposing of the estate of Bamacharan to the prejudice of the rights of the reversioners, a declaration that a property standing in the name of the deity Sri Sri Brojo Kishore Jew Thakur belonged to the estate of Bamacharan, an enquiry as to what the estate consisted of, an account of the dealings of the estate by Sushila Sundari and suitable direction and scheme of management of the said estate for the protection of the rights of the reversioners. Before any written statement was filed the parties to the suit settled their disputes and a consent decree was passed in the suit on the basis of the terms of settlement dated 15th December, 1942. On the coming into operation of the Hindu Succession Act 1956, Sushila Sundari contends that the entire basis and purpose of the consent decree and the rights declared thereby has been nullified and destroyed by the Hindu Succession Act and has become useless and applicable having regard to the fact that Sushila Sundari has become a full owner of the property. She claims that she has become the absolute owner of the properties mentioned in annexure 'b' to the plaint and that she holds the properties free from the restrictions imposed by the consent decree and that the defendants 1 to 12 who were formerly the reversionary heirs of the estate of Bamacharan had no rights, title and interest in the properties. On this basis she claims in the present suit a declaration that most of the terms, conditions and directions contained in the terms of settlement were no more applicable or of any effect or executable or binding upon her and an injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with her possession and absolute

enjoyment of the property and from enforcing and executing the consent decree in the previous suit.

( 2 ) THE terms of settlement embodied in the consent decree in the previous suit consisted of sixteen clauses. The learned Judge has held that the aforesaid terms of settlement save and except Clauses 7 (a) and (b), 8 (ii) (a) and (b), 9 and 11 thereof are no more applicable or of any effect or executable or binding upon the plaintiff. The findings of the learned Judge are challenged in this appeal only in so far as the learned Judge held that Clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 (c) are no longer applicable or enforceable and axe not now binding upon the plaintiff. It appears to us that the learned Judge rightly held that Clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 (c) are no longer applicable and binding upon the plaintiff. By Clause 4 Sushila Sundari by way of discovery declared that the properties set out in annexure 'a' thereto belonged to the estate of Bamacharan and stated that she had not alienated or encumbered or otherwise dealt with any of the properties prejudicially affecting the interests of the reversioners to the estate of Bamacharan and undertook in future not to alienate or encumber of otherwise deal with the estate so as to prejudicially affect the re






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