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1982 Supreme(Cal) 42

High Court Of Calcutta
CHITTATOSH MUKHERJEE, RAMKRISHNA SHARMA
SM.SANDHYA BHATTACHARJEE - Appellant
Versus
GOPINATH BHATTACHARJEE - Respondent
A. F. O. D.  604  Of  1978
Decided On : 02/12/1982

Advocates Appeared:
H.C.GHOSH, M.M.MALIK, S.K.GHOSAL, S.N.TAGORE

A spouse who withdraws from the society of the other spouse without any reasonable excuse is liable to a decree for restitution of conjugal rights and permanent alimony.

Headnote:

HINDU MARRIAGE ACT - SECTION 9 - RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS - WITHDRAWAL FROM SOCIETY - BURDEN OF PROOF - EXPLANATION - REASONABLE EXCUSE - SECTION 25 - PERMANENT ALIMONY - JURISDICTION - CHANGE OF CIRCUMSTANCE.

Fact of the Case:

The appellant-wife filed an appeal against the decision of the lower court dismissing her petition under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 for restitution of conjugal rights and permanent alimony under Section 25 of the Act. The appellant and the respondent were married according to Hindu rites in 1975. The appellant lived with the respondent and his two brothers in their joint household at Harinabhi, Sonarpur, until September 26, 1976, when she left and went to her father's house in Sibpur, Howrah. The respondent claimed that the appellant had deserted him without any reasonable excuse, while the appellant alleged that the respondent had withdrawn from her society and treated her with cruelty.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the respondent had withdrawn from the society of his wife by not taking any steps to bring her back from her father's house and by not providing any maintenance for her. The court also found that the respondent did not have any reasonable excuse for withdrawing from her society.

Issues: 1. Whether the respondent had withdrawn from the society of his wife? 2. Whether the appellant was entitled to restitution of conjugal rights? 3. Whether the appellant was entitled to permanent alimony?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the respondent had withdrawn from the society of his wife by not taking any steps to bring her back from her father's house and by not providing any maintenance for her. The court also found that the respondent did not have any reasonable excuse for withdrawing from her society. 2. The court held that the appellant was entitled to restitution of conjugal rights because the respondent had withdrawn from her society without any reasonable excuse. 3. The court held that the appellant was entitled to permanent alimony because the respondent had withdrawn from her society and she was unable to maintain herself.

Final Decision: The court allowed the appeal, set aside the judgment and decree of the trial court, and allowed the appellant's petition under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1956 for restitution of conjugal rights with the respondent. The court also ordered under Section 25 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1956 that the appellant will receive from her husband permanent alimony at the rate of Rs. 300/- per month according to English Calender with effect from the date of the judgment until the same is rescinded, varied or modified in accordance with law by the Court of first instance.

CHITTATOSH MOOKERJEE, J.

( 1 ) THE appellant-wife preferred this appeal against the decision of the learned Additional District Judge, 1st Court, Howrah, dismissing her petition under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 for restitution of conjugal rights and also her prayer for payment of permanent alimony under Section 25 of the said Act.

( 2 ) ON 11th Aug. , 1975 the marriage between the appellant and the respondent according to Hindu rites was solemnised at Ramji Hazra Lane, P. S. Sibpur, Dist. Howrah. The respondent and his two brothers had their dwelling house at 19/1, R. N. T. Road, Harinabhi, P. S. Sonarpur. Dist. 24 Parganas. Since her marriage up to 26th Sept. , 1976 the appellant, Sandhya, had lived in the said joint household of the respondent and his two brothers at Harinabhi. Sonarpur. The respondent, Gopinath, was an employee of Dunlop and Co. Ltd. He himself, resided in a bachelor's staff quarter of the said company at Shahgunj, Dist. Hooghly and visited his home at Sonarpur for one or two days every week. During the said period the appellant-petitioner, at intervals visited and stayed at her father's house at Sibpur, District Howrah. But there is some dispute between the parties regard-ing the total duration of her stay in her father's house. Since 26th Sept. , 1976 the appellant, Sandhya, had been living in her father's house at Sibpur. According to the appellant, on 26th Sept. , 1976 her husband had accompanied her up to Howrah Station and that since the said date in spite of repealed requests the respondent-husband did not make arrangement to take her back and had withdrawn from her society. On 12th July, 1977 she filed in the District Judge's Court, Howrah the instant application under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 for restitution of conjugal rights which was contested by the respondent-husband. As already stated, the learned Additional District Judge, 1st, Court, Howrah dismissed the said application under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act.

( 3 ) THE principal point in this appeal is whether or not the respondent, Gopinath, had withdrawn from the society of his wife, Sandhya. The respondent denied that he had withdrawn from the society of his wife and according to him, his wife had deserted him without any reasonable excuse. In the instant case, undoubtedly the initial burden was upon the appellant, Sandhya, to satisfy the Court about the truth of the statements made in her petition under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1956. Gopinath did not plead any excuse for withdrawal from her wife's society. Therefore, the explanation to Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act was not attracted to the facts of the present case. After both parties led evidence, the said question of burden of proof was not of very great importance and upon consideration of the evidence adduced by the parties, the Court was to decide the case. Although the appellant. Sandhya, did not contend that because of alleged acts of cruelty upon her committed by the respondent and other members of his family, she was compelled to leave the respondent's joint house at Harinabhi, Sonarpur, at the trial she had sought to prove that during her stay at the respondent's house at Harinabhi, she was treated with cruelty. The learned Additional District Judge has not accepted this part of her case.

( 4 ) GOPINATH's elder brother, Samirnath, his wife, his son and Gopinath's younger brother, Maloy used to reside in their joint family house at Harinabhi, Sonarpur. At the material time, Samirnath was serving as a demonstrator in the University College of Science, Calcutta and was the head of the joint family. Gopinath's younger brother was in Government service and he was married in the year 1977. According to both Samirnath and Gopinath, all the three bro-thers used to make contributions towards the expenses of the joint family. Gopinath, P. W. 1, claimed that his contribution was about 5/6 hundred rupees per month. His elder brothe












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