IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
SUBHENDU SAMANTA, J.
IN THE MATTER OF
HDB Financial Services Ltd & Ors. – Appellants
Versus
Sanjay Agarwal – Respondents
C.R.R. No. – 2713 of 2017 with IA No. CRAN 6 of 2019 (Old No. CRAN 3161 of 2029) with CRAN 7 of 2020 (Old No. CRAN 1291 of 2020)
Decided on : 07-08-2023
QUASHING OF PROCEEDINGS - COMPLAINT CASE - SECTION 397/401 READ WITH SECTION 482 OF THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE - FORGERY OF SIGNATURE - SECTION 420/465/468/471 READ WITH SECTION 120B OF THE IPC - POLICE ENQUIRY REPORT - JURISDICTION - SECTION 202 OF THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE - DELEGATION OF POWER - SECTION 157 AND 158(1) OF THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE - POWER OF POLICE TO CONDUCT INVESTIGATION - DISTINCTION BETWEEN INVESTIGATION UNDER SECTION 156(3) AND ENQUIRY UNDER SECTION 202 OF THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE - JURISDICTION OF ADDITIONAL O.C TO CONDUCT ENQUIRY - VALIDITY OF ENQUIRY REPORT - ISSUANCE OF PROCESS - LEGALITY.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioners, directors of a non-banking financial corporation, were accused of forgery and cheating by the complainant, who alleged that they had sent him notices demanding a loan amount based on forged signatures on loan documents. The magistrate, after receiving a police report, issued process against the petitioners.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the enquiry report submitted by the Additional O.C of Shakespeare Sarani Police station was not in accordance with the direction issued by the Magistrate vide Order dated 01.07.2016. The power delegated upon the O.C Shakespeare Sarani Police station can not be sub-delegated to the Additional OC of the said Police Station. The order of issuance of process against the present petitioners became illegal.
Issues: 1. Whether the enquiry report submitted by the Additional O.C of Shakespeare Sarani Police station was valid. 2. Whether the Magistrate could rely on the said enquiry report to issue process against the petitioners.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The Magistrate had specifically directed the O.C of Shakespeare Sarani Police station to conduct the enquiry under Section 202 Cr.P.C. 2. The O.C could not delegate his function to the Additional O.C. 3. The enquiry report conducted by the Additional O.C was without jurisdiction and could not be used to issue process. 4. The power of police to conduct investigation under the order of Magistrate u/s 156(3) Cr.P.C. is completely distinct in respect of direction of Magistrate under Section 202 Cr.P.C.
Final Decision: The court set aside the impugned order dated 11.04.2017 for issuance of process against the petitioners. The Magistrate was directed to pass a necessary order so that the enquiry could be made by the O.C of the Shakespeare Sarani Police station as directed by him and a report be submitted by the said O.C as early as possible.
JUDGMENT :
Subhendu Samanta, J.
1. This is an application u/s 397/401 read with Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure for quashing of the proceeding of a complaint case being No. CS 0054927 of 2016 u/s 420/465/468/471 read with Section 120B of the IPC pending before the Learned Metropolitan Magistrate 15th Court Calcutta and also challenge the order dated 11.04.2017 passed by the Learned Magistrate in the said complaint case for issuance of process against the present petitioners.
2. The brief fact of the case is that the present petitioner No. 2 and 3 are the Directors and the petitioner No. 4 is the Managing Director of the petitioner No. 1 Company. The petitioner No 1 company is subsidiary Company of HDFC Bank, is non-banking Financial Corporation inter alia engaged in the business of providing loans. The instant complaint case was registered on the basis of a petition of complaint filed by the present opposite party No. 1 before the Learned Court of Learned Metropolitan Magistrate 15th Court Calcutta on 29th January 2016 alleging offence punishable u/s 420/465/468/471 read with Section 120B of IPC.
3. The brief fact of the petition of complaint is as follows:
4. That the petitioners nos. 2 to 4 and one Venkatraman Srinivasan and Smita Affinwala, are the Directors of the petitioner no.1 company and are engaged in the day to day affairs of the petitioner no. 1 company.
5. That the petitioner no. 1 had sent a notice dated 15.09.2015 to one Ravilal Hirala Exports Pvt. Ltd. demanding a total outstanding loan amount of Rs. 22172107/-under the loan account number 596398 and another notice dated 19.10.2015 to Gupta Polypack Private Ltd. Demanding a total outstanding loan amount of Rs 22181761/-under the loan account number 596446, both of which were addressed in the name of the opposite party, who allegedly has no connection whatsoever to the aforementioned companies.
6. That allegedly it was a bolt from the blue for the opposite party when he received the notices dated 15.09.2015 and 19.10.2015 from the petitioner no. 1, wherein the petitioner no. 1 has demanded a total sum of Rs. 4,43,53,868/-from the opposite party in respect of loan account bearing no. 596398 & 596446 as mentioned in the notices dated 15.09.2015 and 19.10.2015 respectively, wherein the opposite party has been shown as a Co-applicant/Guarantor in respect of the said loan account along with the borrowers i.e., Ravilal Hiralal Exports Pvt. Ltd. and Gupta Polysacks Pvt. Ltd. Both having their office at 4/1, Middleton Street, Sikkim Commercial House, 5th Floor, Kolkata-700 071.
7. That thereafter the opposite party immediately went to the office of the accused persons at 258/4, APC Road, Kolkata 700 006 and at Clive Row, 2nd and 3rd Floor, Kolkata – 700 001 and enquired about the matter and also requested to be shown the documents relating to the loan account. The opposite party was thereupon shown the documents by the accused persons, when to his shock he found that the signatures upon the documents were not his and he immediately communicated the said fact to the accused persons.
8. That the opposite party thereafter on so many occasions requested them to withdraw their said notices dated 15.09.2015 and 19.10.2015. But all efforts on the part of the opposite party went in vain and on the other hand the opposite party was threatened by the accused, coercing the complainant to pay the said amount of Rs. 4,43,53,868/-falling which they will implicate the opposite party in various other false cases.
9. That the opposite party submits that the purported signatures appearing upon the documents and/ or papers of the said loan accounts showing the opposite party as the co-applicant/guarantor are not the signatures of the opposite party, and the accused in collusion and in conspiracy with each other has forged the opposite party’s signature and are using the same as genuine to defraud opposite party thus causing a wrongful loss to the opposite party.
10. After receiving the
The power delegated upon the O.C Shakespeare Sarani Police station under Section 202 Cr.P.C. cannot be sub-delegated to the Additional OC of the said Police Station.
The court held that an F.I.R. cannot be registered without prior police report under Section 154, and vague allegations do not establish a prima facie case, leading to quashing of the F.I.R.
A Magistrate is required to conduct an inquiry under Section 202 of the Cr.P.C. before issuing process against an accused residing outside the jurisdiction of the Court to prevent the harassment of i....
The Magistrate's duty to conduct an inquiry under Section 202 CrPC before issuing process against an accused residing outside the court's jurisdiction is mandatory and not merely directory, and the M....
The court emphasized the importance of conducting the necessary enquiry under Section 202 of Cr.P.C. before summoning the accused persons, to ensure that the allegations in the complaint prima facie ....
Point of law: Cheating – private complaint - Court has to examine whether the material on record is sufficient and whether the Magistrate is satisfied with the allegations in the complaint
The Magistrate must conduct an inquiry under Section 202 Cr.P.C. before issuing process against accused residing outside jurisdiction to prevent harassment through false complaints.
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.