IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
SHAMPA DUTT (PAUL), J.
Salil Kumar Chatterjee – Petitioner
Versus
State of West Bengal – Respondent
CRR 838 of 2019
Decided On : 06-07-2023
VEHICLE CUSTODY - NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT - SECTIONS 451, 452 - COURT'S DISCRETION IN ORDERING CUSTODY AND DISPOSAL OF PROPERTY - KEY LEGAL POINT: The discretion available to the court under Section 451 of the Code of Criminal Procedure is a judicial one and must be exercised judiciously, not arbitrarily.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner, owner of a vehicle seized by police for allegedly carrying ganja without a valid license, sought interim custody of the vehicle, which was denied by the trial court.
Finding of the Court:
The trial court erred in not exercising its judicial discretion judiciously and in failing to consider the provisions of Sections 451 and 452 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
Issues: Whether the trial court erred in denying the petitioner's prayer for interim custody of the seized vehicle.
Ratio Decidendi: The court relied on the Supreme Court's decision in Sunderbhai Ambalal Desai vs State of Gujarat, which held that the discretion available to the court under Section 451 of the Code of Criminal Procedure is a judicial one and must be exercised judiciously, not arbitrarily. The court also noted that the trial court failed to consider the provisions of Sections 451 and 452 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which provide for the proper custody and disposal of property pending trial or at the conclusion of a trial.
Final Decision: The court allowed the revision petition, set aside the trial court's order, and directed the trial court to return the vehicle to the petitioner in accordance with the provisions of Section 452 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
JUDGMENT :
(Shampa Dutt (Paul), J.) :
1. The present revision has been preferred against an order dated 07th May, 2018 passed by the Learned Judge Special Court under NDPS Act-cum- Additional Sessions Judge, 5th Court, Berhampore, Murshidabad in connection with NDPS Case No. 412/17 arising out of Suti Police Station case No. 657/17 dated 22.11.2017 under Sections 20(b)/21(c)/29 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985, thereby rejecting the Petitioner’s prayer for interim custody of the vehicle seized in connection with the instant case.
2. The petitioner is a businessman by profession and also the registered owner of a Heavy Goods Vehicle made of Tata Motors, bearing Registration No. WB 57B 2757, since April, 2012. The said vehicle has National Permit as a Public Career, duly issued by the concerned authority of Regional Transport Authority, Murshidabad.
3. On or about 21st November, 2017, at about 21.05 hrs., the police personnel attached to Suti Police Station apprehended the said vehicle on NH 34 near Maa Manosa Hotel, Ajagar Para More, under Suti Police Station on the allegation that contrabands are being carried in the said vehicle. The police personnel of the said Police Station also apprehended two persons including the driver of the said vehicle. It is also alleged that upon search 34Kgs 500gms of Ganja was recovered from the cabin of the said vehicle for which the arrested accused persons could not give any plausible explanation.
4. Pursuant to alleged search and seizure and on the basis of Letter of Complainant lodged by the Subhrojyoti Chatterjee, Sub-Inspector of Police attached to Suti Police Station, the instant case being Suti Police Station Case No. 657 of 2017 dated 22.11.2017 was registered for investigation against two accused persons namely Arjun Sutradhar and Kalam Ali, for commission of the alleged offences punishable under Sections 20(b)/27(c)/29 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. The petitioner is not an accused in this case.
5. After completion of investigation in connection with the instant case, the investigating agency submitted Charge Sheet vide Charge Sheet No. 102/18 dated 30.03.2018 before the Learned Judge Special Court under NDPS Act-cum-Additional Sessions Judges, 5th Court, Berhampore, Murshidabad (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Learned Judge’) against the aforesaid two accused persons for commission of the alleged offences punishable under Sections 20(b)/21(c)/29 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. The Owner/Petitioner states that true and proper appreciation of the Charge Sheet as submitted in connection with the instant case would clearly indicate that in course of investigation nothing incriminating could be found against the owner/petitioner and as such he has not been arraigned as accused in connection with the instant case.
6. That since apprehension, the vehicle is lying at Suti Police Station in open space without any due protection and/or maintenance, which is making it vulnerable to natural decay. As the vehicle is lying idle at Suti Police Station since long, it has already suffered huge damage and if the same is not subjected to immediate repairs, it will succumb to its natural decay and become scrap.
7. At that juncture, because of unavoidable impediments/inconveniences, he through his attorney holder preferred an application thereby praying for interim custody of the said vehicle before the Learned Judge. The Learned Judge upon hearing the Learned Advocates appearing for the owner/petitioner vide an order dated 07th May, 2018 was pleased to turn down such prayer, with an observation that as the vehicle has been seized by the investigating officer of the instant case over an allegation of carrying ganja without valid license, as per Notification of Central Government vide No. GSR 339E dated 10.05.2017, the question of return/disposal of the said vehicle has to be decided by the Disposal Committee and the Lea
Sunderbhai Ambalal Desai vs State of Gujarat
Basavva Kom Dyamangouda Patil v. State of Mysore [(1977) 4 SCC 358 : 1977 SCC (Cri) 598
A registered owner of a vehicle seized in connection with a narcotics offence, who is not an accused, is entitled to interim custody of the vehicle, subject to meeting certain conditions to ensure co....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the trial court has the discretion to grant interim custody of a vehicle seized under the NDPS Act under Section 451 of the Cr.P.C., and there....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the trial Court has the power to consider the application for interim custody of the vehicle under Section 451 and 457 of Cr.P.C. in cases ari....
A true vehicle owner not implicated in a narcotics crime is entitled to interim custody of their vehicle pending trial, emphasizing procedural fairness and rights under statutory law.
The court's decision emphasized the importance of adhering to the legal provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure and following the guidelines set by the Supreme Court in similar cases.
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